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Dictionaries

Dictionaries. 參考資料： William Katz, pp.377—416 邵獻圖， pp.279—311. Scope--1. 一般英文字典大概有以下八種類型： General English Language Dictionaries Unabridged ，足本（大約涵蓋 26 萬款目） 一般桌上型（ 16 ～ 18 萬）或大學用（ 10 萬）版本 Paperback dictionaries 大約涵蓋 30000 ～ 55000 款目，便宜、攜帶方便 Historical dictionaries 介紹字詞的源由及現今發展用法.

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Dictionaries

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  1. Dictionaries 參考資料： William Katz, pp.377—416 邵獻圖，pp.279—311

  2. Scope--1 一般英文字典大概有以下八種類型： • General English Language Dictionaries • Unabridged，足本（大約涵蓋26萬款目） • 一般桌上型（16～18萬）或大學用（10萬）版本 • Paperback dictionaries • 大約涵蓋30000～55000款目，便宜、攜帶方便 • Historical dictionaries • 介紹字詞的源由及現今發展用法

  3. Scope--2 • Period or scholarly specialized titles • 針對某特定時間或地點的文字為介紹主題。 • Etymological dictionaries • 語源學字典，類似Historical dictionaries，但更強調於字詞的分析，以及不同語言的源起發展。 • Foreign language • Subject works • 特定學科主題詞彙定義 • Other • 包含俚語、簡稱、縮寫及用法等各類字辭典。

  4. Compilation 一般英文字典的字詞語彙來源 • 出版社員工 • 大部分的出版社取用BNC的字彙 • BNC--British National Corpus，在網路上提供近3億個字辭供查檢，http://info.ox.ac.uk/bnc/ • 自由字典編輯（Freelance lexicographer）

  5. Evaluation “Dictionaries are like watches: the worst is better than none, and the best cannot be expected to go quite true” • ~ by Dr. Johnson

  6. 給一般讀者的10個參考評鑑點 • 能提供使用者需要的詞彙、定義 • 收錄近幾年來的新詞、新義、新用法 • 定義（對應詞）、翻譯正確而少偏見 • 語法說明清楚、詳盡、正確 • 例證充足，用例恰到好處 • 插圖豐富，能幫助學習詞彙，掌握意思 • 重視口語、俚語，收錄足夠的片語、成語、慣用語 • 提供語用方面的說明或標籤 • 提供百科性、文化方面的有用知識 • 標榜獨一無二的特點 曾泰元。如何選擇英文詞典。在詞典的兩個世界，pp.114--117

  7. Authority Merriam-Webster、Oxford University Press、Random House、Scott-Foresman、Doubleday、Macmillian、Simon & Schuster、Houghton Mifflin Vocabulary Unabridged：超過265000字 Abridged：50000~265000字 Slang Up-to-date Format Encyclopedia material Spelling Etymologies Definitions Pronunciation Syllabication Synonyms Grammatical Information Usage 館員評估一般語文字詞典的重點

  8. 評估專科字典的要件 • 插圖的輔助說明是否合宜？對專門學科人員或非本科人員有幫助？ • 定義是簡單的就字義來解釋，還是有多加說明？ • 目標使用群是針對國際性？或是偏重於某一區域？ • 更新程度如何？

  9. 介紹字典的工具 • Kister, Kenneth. Kister’s Best Dictionaries for Adults & Young People: A Comparative Guide. Phoenix, AZ: Oryx Press, 1992, 488 pp. $39.50 • Loughridege, Brendan. Which Dictionary? London: Library Association Publishing. 1990. 177pp. $26 • 徐振忠。英文辭典實用指南。台北市：旺文社民81。 • IPLSubject CollectionsReference Dictionaries • LIIReady Reference & Quick FactsDictionaries • Yahoo!奇摩分類首頁 網路指南 參考資料參考字典

  10. Unabridged（足本） Dictionaries • The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary • 2002, 5th. ed., 3984pp. $150 • Random House Webster’s Unabridged Dictionary • 2003,. 2256pp. $64.95.（+CD-ROM） • Webster’s Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged . • CD-ROM（v.3.0）：2002, irregular update. $69.95. ；Print：2002, 3rd. Ed. 2783 pp. $129.

  11. College Dictionaries--1 • Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary • Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster Inc. • Online： 2000 to date.（http://www.m-w.com）Free. • Print +CD-ROM ：11th. Ed. 2003. 1623 pp. $25.95. • The American Heritage College Dictionary. • Somerville, MA: Houghton Mifflin Interactive, • Online：2000. （http://www.bartleby.com/61/） • Print：4th. Ed. 2000. 2076 pp. $60.

  12. College Dictionaries--2 • The Random House Webster’s College Dictionary + Thesaurus • 2000. $39.90 • Webster's New World College Dictionary + Thesaurus • 2003. $39.98

  13. Desk Dictionary • The Concise Oxford Dictionary • 2002, 10th.ed. 384pp. $29.95 • Collins English Dictionary • 2003, 1888pp. £30.00 • Chambers 21st Century Dictionary • 1993, 1664pp. $30

  14. ESL Dictionary • ESL English as Second Language • Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary • 2000, 6th. Ed. $25.95 • http://www.oupp.com/elt/oald/ • Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English • 2003, $26.95(+ CD-ROM) • http://www.longmanwebdict.com/ • Collins COBUILD New Student's English Dictionary • 2002, 1088pp. £9.99 • Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners • 2002, 1071pp. $29.68

  15. Children’s Dictionaries--1 • Macmillan Dictionary for Children. • CD-ROM：2000 to date, irregular update. $60 • Print：2001.4th. ed. 912 pp. $17.95. • The World Book Dictionary • Print：2003, 2 vol. $99.

  16. Children’s Dictionaries--2 • Scott Foresman First Dictionary. • Glenview, Il: Scott, Foresman • 2000. 832 pp. $18. • Merriam-Webster‘s系列 （均為$14.83) • Elementary Dictionary（624pp.） • School Dictionary（1184pp.） • Intermediate Dictionary（960pp.） • School Thesaurus（704pp.）

  17. Thesaurus/Synonyms /Antonyms --1 • Roget’s Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases. • 1998, 1381 pp. $19 • Longman Lexicon of Contemporary English • 1992, $40 • The Concise Oxford Thesaurus • 2002, 984pp. £17.99 • Longman Essential Activator • 2002, 1008pp. $24

  18. Thesaurus/Synonyms /Antonyms --2 • Theseaurus.com http://thesaurus.reference.com/ • The ARTFL Project: ROGET'S Thesaurus http://humanities.uchicago.edu/forms_unrest/ROGET.html • WordNet http://www.cogsci.princeton.edu/~wn/ • Synonym Dictionary http://vancouver-webpages.com/synonyms.html

  19. Usage and Manuscript Style--1 • The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th. Ed. • CD-ROM：1993, in Microsoft Bookshelf. • Print：2003, 956 pp. $55. • The Columbia Guide to Online Style. • 1998. 224 pp. $34; paperback, $17.50 • Webster’s Dictionary of English Usage. • 1989, 980 pp, $18.95 • 謝寶煖。APA Style 完全上手指南 。台北市：文華，民國90年8月

  20. Usage and Manuscript Style--2 • IPLSubject CollectionsReferenceStyle & Writing Guides • The Slot.http://www.theslot.com • 國家圖書館知識之窗網路資源教育資源／論文寫作格式 • 靜宜大學蓋夏圖書館學術寫作資源（http://www.lib.pu.edu.tw/database/www/db-citation.htm） • 中央研究院圖書館網路資源引用資料格式 http://www.sinica.edu.tw/~libserv/aslib/internet/internet1.html

  21. Historical Dictionaries--1 • Oxford English Dictionary (OED) • Online,：2000 to date, http://www.oed.com Library:$795+，Individals:$550 • CD-ROM：2nd ed. 1992 to date, $895 • Print：1989, 2nd., 20 vols. $3000. • The New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary. • CD-ROM：1998. $75 • Print：1998, 2 vols. 5th. Ed. $150. • Oxford 字詞典專區http://www.oupp.com/oeddicref/

  22. Historical Dictionaries--2 • Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 4v. http://polyglot.lss.wisc.edu/dare/dare.html • Random House Historical Dictionary of American Slang. • 1994 to date, 3 vols. $79.95

  23. Slang • Dictionary of American Slang • 1998, 3rd.ed. 640pp. $42.95 • Cassell’s Dictionary of Slang • 2000, 1326pp. $19.95 • The Alternative Dictionaries http://www.notam02.no/~hcholm/altlang/ • A Dictionary of Slang http://www.peevish.co.uk/slang/ • The College Slang Page http://www.intranet.csupomona.edu/~jasanders/slang/ • On-line Dictionary of Street Drug Slang http://www.drugs.indiana.edu/slang/home.html

  24. Quotation • The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations • 1999,5th. Ed. 1152pp. $45 • 其他Oxford出版的版本 http://www.oup-usa.org/reference/general/quotations.html • Familiar Quotations http://www.bartleby.com/quotations/ • About.com：Quotations http://quotations.about.com/ • Movie Quotes http://us.imdb.com/Sections/Quotes/ • Famous Quotations http://www.famous-quotations.com/

  25. Foreign Language Dictionaries（Bilingual） • The HarperCollins Series • HarperCollins-Robert French Dictionary • HarperCollins Spanish Dictionary • HarperCollins German Dictionary • Encyclopedia of Languages of Europe • Dictionary of Languages • Berlitz Passport to 31 Languages. • 1999 to date, $30.（CD-ROM）

  26. Foreign Language Dictionaries（Bilingual）--網路翻譯工具 • Language Dictionaries and Translators. http://www.word2word.com/dictionary.html • AltaVista translation services http://world.altavista.com/ • Free Translation and Professional Translation http://www.freetranslation.com/

  27. 特殊用途字詞典 • Acronyms Initialisms, and Abbreviations Dictionary • Abbreviations Dictionary • Acronym Finderhttp://www.acronymfinder.com/. • Acronym Server http://www.ucc.ie/cgi-bin/acronym • Webster’s Official Crossword Puzzle Dictionary. • CD-ROM：1992 irregular update. $29.95 • Print：1992. paperback, $4.99 • The New Hacker’s Dictionary

  28. 網路綜合字典 • OneLook Dictionarieshttp://www.onelook.com • Dictionary.comhttp://dictionary.reference.com/ • Vocabulary Universityhttp://www.vocabulary.com

  29. 網路電子字典--2 • The Word Detectivehttp://word-detective.com • Rhymezonehttp://www.rhymezone.com/ • Free On-line Dictionary of Computinghttp://foldoc.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/index.html

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