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Test Review

Test Review. Question 1. What does an index fossil reveal about Earth’s geological history? Key words: index fossil, geological. Index fossils are another tool to determine the age of rock layers. Index fossils can provide the relative age of a rock layer.

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Test Review

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  1. Test Review

  2. Question 1 • What does an index fossil reveal about Earth’s geological history? • Key words: index fossil, geological

  3. Index fossils are another tool to determine the age of rock layers. • Index fossils can provide the relative age of a rock layer. • existed only during specific spans of time • occurred in large geographic areas • Index fossils include fusulinids and trilobites.

  4. Question 1 What does an index fossil reveal about Earth’s geological history? • Shows what occurred in a specific period of Earth’s time • Shows what the age of the earth is at that time • Shows rock formations • Shows other types of life forms

  5. Question 2 • What is the best example of an unconformity? • Key word: unconformity

  6. When does Superposition not apply? • When the layers are not horizontal, then Superposition does not apply. This can happen for several reasons. • We call these UNCONFORMITIES. Unconformities leave gaps in the rock record. • Let’s look at these examples: • Folded Layers • Faulted Layers • Formation of an Unconformity

  7. Question 2 • What is the best example of an unconformity? • Missing layer of rock • The crust of the Earth • Sedimentary deposits • A crack in the plates

  8. Question 3 • Which best signifies the reason for extinction of various species? Key word: extinction

  9. Get your textbook • Turn to page B-14. Read the information. • Asteroid: LOTS OF dust in the atmosphere; the dust blocks the sun; no sun=cold; cold for several years=ice age

  10. Question 3 • Which best signifies the reason for extinction of various species? • Climactic events • Natural selection • Survival of the fittest • disease

  11. Natural Selection/Survival of the Fittest • Natural selection is when the conditions of nature select for the most fit traits of an organism. • The “fittest” for their environment survive and reproduce, which means they PASS ON THEIR GENES. • This means the SPECIES ADAPTS! If they adapt to the environment, then they do NOT become extinct.

  12. Analyzing a Diagram 1 • You should already have this diagram in your notebook. If not, it needs to be in there TODAY! • Revisit the notes we just took on questions 1 & 2. • Enter your answer for question 1 on this page. • Enter your answer for question 2 on this page. • Enter your answer for question 3 on this page.

  13. Analyzing a diagram 2 • Turn to page A-35 in your textbook. • Convergent: comes together. • Three types: ocean-ocean, land-land, ocean-land • Ocean-ocean: the most dense plate will SUBDUCT • Land-land: MOUNTAINS • Ocean-land: the ocean plate subducts, forms a trench

  14. Divergent: • Ocean moving away from ocean: MID-OCEAN RIDGE • Land moving away from land: rift valley • Plates move apart and magma rises to the earth’s surface. It cools and forms new crust.

  15. Enter your answers for 1-9 into your clicker. • BE SURE TO LOOK AT THE WAYS THE ARROWS ARE MOVING!!!!!!!!!!! • Be sure that you pay attention to the type of plate: ocean or land. •  = convergent •   = divergent •   = transform

  16. Questions 16-18 16. A layer of marine fossils is discovered in a desert environment. Which hypothesis best explains the discovery? 17. Fossils of warm-weather plants were found on an island in the Arctic Ocean. What can best be concluded from this discovery? 18. The shaded areas of this diagram represent where fossils of a land-dwelling animal were found on the continents of South America and Africa. What does this evidence suggest?

  17. Geologic Evolution • Each of these questions relates to the movement of the Earth’s crust. • Refer to your Pangaea map. • Now watch this video: http://education.sdsc.edu/optiputer/flash/pangea_4.htm

  18. 16. A layer of marine fossils is discovered in a desert environment. Which hypothesis best explains the discovery? Key words: marine, desert, hypothesis • The area was once covered with water • Volcanic activity once occurred in the area • A catastrophic event once occurred in the area • Erosion turned most of the limestone in the area into sand

  19. 17. Fossils of warm weather plants were found on an island in the Arctic Ocean. What can best be concluded from this discovery? • Spores of plants drifted by air currents to the island. • Ocean currents carried the plants to the island • The island drifted from a tropical region to its present location • Seeds of plants have been carried to the island by migratory birds

  20. 18. The shaded areas of this diagram represent where fossils of a land-dwelling animal were found on the continents of South America and Africa. What does this evidence suggest? • The animals swam from one continent to the other • The two continents were once connected by a land bridge • The animals developed on the two continents at the same time • The two continents were once joined as a part of a larger continent

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