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Rossiyskaya Federatsiya (Russian Federation)

Rossiyskaya Federatsiya (Russian Federation). Rebecca Foster. Russia . (2010). In  Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved February 21, 2010, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online:  http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/513251/Russia. Russian Facts:.

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Rossiyskaya Federatsiya (Russian Federation)

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  1. Rossiyskaya Federatsiya (Russian Federation) Rebecca Foster

  2. Russia. (2010). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved February 21, 2010, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/513251/Russia

  3. Russian Facts: Religions: Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Judaism Life Expectancy: Men:59 years Women: 73 years Language: Russian Population: 142.5 million (2007) Capital: Moscow Government: President: Dmitry Medvedev Prime Minister:Vladimir Putin Area: 17,075,400 km sq Covers 17 time zones

  4. Climate Oymyakon in north-eastern Siberia temperature of -71.2 degrees C Far eastern regions 40 degrees C

  5. Structure and governance of the educational system • Illiteracy rate dropped from 72% in 1913 to between 1 and 3 % in 1980s. Ministry of Education and Science the Head of the Educational System Local Committees Public Council of Organizations

  6. Culture-beliefs • 160 different ethnic groups reside in the Russian Federation, so whose culture do we discuss? • 80% ethnic Russian • Minority: Tatars and Ukrainians • Cluster populations -spread out over the country.

  7. Finance • Tuition fees • “The Russian Constitution (article 43, para 3) guarantees everyone the right to get higher education free of charge on a basis of competition. Adhering the law, the Government allocates funding to pay the tuition fees within an established quota / number of students for each state institution. Traditionally the size of quota varies from institution to institution and from one field (discipline) to another. It depends on the share of state in the institution's budget, demands from state bodies in a region, social programs and other, sometimes rather subjective estimates.” • Last years graduates 50% did not have to pay for their tuition. • Students can enrolled under free charge and the school may also enroll students for payment. www. wes.org/ewenr/PF/05dec/pfpractical.htm

  8. Curriculum: Primary • 24 hours per week of instruction, September through June • Courses: (Grade 2) Russian language, literature, math, Russian/Soviet history, Foreign language (Grade 3) Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), geography, social science, natural science natural history arts music, physical education

  9. Curriculum: Lower Secondary • 34 weeks per year, 27-38 hours of instruction • Age 11-12. Exams are in June. • Some compulsory and some elective classes • Courses: Russian and world history, economics, social geography, natural science, math , biology physics, astronomy, chemistry, ecology, technology, basic skills: home economics, sewing, cooking, metal work carpentry, arts, PE and other classes mandated by the local authority.

  10. Curriculum: Upper Secondary • Two Tracks: Academic or Vocational/ Technical • Academic • 2 years of study (grades 9-11) • Courses: Russian language, literature (4 periods week) math, informatics, history, society and geography, science: biology physics or chemistry, pe, technology, foreign language.

  11. Curriculum: Upper Secondary • Vocational/ Technical • Highly specialized field with some general education classes. Work experience is also mandated in those fields.

  12. Reform • June 12, 1987 Berlin wall fell • President holds the power, with a term of 6 years beginning in 2012. May hold 2 terms. • 1991 Soviet Union transformed into the Russian Federation. • “How are educators who themselves do not know what freedom is, going to educate free people” A quote by a Russian mother. • Schools are now in the process of reformation and evolving into meeting the needs of the changing culture. The focus has shifted to business, economics and communication technologies.

  13. Technology • A great push is still on for science, physics and math. • A 2008 mandated all Russian schools will use free software • Labs are set up for classes in Informatics: • Information (concept, representation, transmission, storage, processing); • Number systems and Boolean logic; • Computer (main components, their functions, system software); • Algorithms and programming; • Modeling and simulation; • Information technologies (text and graphic editors, spreadsheets, data bases); • Networks and Internet.

  14. Special Education • November 14-21 was the first Inclusion Education Week in Russia. • There are more than 600,000 disabled children and 450,000 are school aged. • 170,000 are mainstreamed schools • 40,000 isolated in homes or special corrective classes • 60,000 study in special schools away from family • Nearly 200,000 are labeled as “uneducable” and receive no school at all.

  15. Teaching methods/Class sizes • Teaching methods varied. Depended on where the school is located and what the town government will provide for the school. • Lecture/group work • “Blackboards” in some schools, others are more modern • Desks in rows • Some have computer labs, others just the minimum of basics • Laboratories for experiments • Library • Art classrooms • Usually around 16 students per class room

  16. Discipline • Desks are in rows, groups in the more modern areas • Yelling is acceptable by the teacher in some schools • Corporal punishment, physical abuse is accepted practice in some schools • Students all have a Journal where the teacher writes down the infraction. Teachers also can go to the parents for a student to be disciplined. If that happens it is considered to be a slight on their parenting skills.

  17. Higher education • Degree structure • Follows a three-tier pattern, three levels ( similar to United Stated and British) • Two types of diploma (degrees) recognized as ones of completed higher education - these are diploma of specialist and diploma of a Master level (magistr). • The Bachelor diploma and certificate is used to start a career. • Male graduates must serve two years in the service, while specialists and magistrs have half a year shorter conscription period. • Russia signed Bologna Declaration , so in the year 2010 a transition process to a two- tier degree structure should be completed. This mandate was one of the pieces of major education reform. • http://www.hse.ru/lingua/en/rus-ed.html

  18. Level I Programs at this level are organized into two stages: Stage 1 Two years of course work, upon completion of which students are awarded a "certificate of incomplete higher education." Stage 2 Devoted entirely to one to two years of intensive professional training. Upon completion, students are awarded a diploma of incomplete higher education (o nepolnom visshem obrazovanii). Level I certificate or diploma have not completed their higher education, but can be employed in jobs that require some higher education, but not a degree as such. http://www.hse.ru/lingua/en/rus-ed.html

  19. Level II Bachelor (bakalavr): Completion of four-year programs in the humanities, economics and natural sciences along with practical professional training. This level is considered completion of "basic academic education." http://www.hse.ru/lingua/en/rus-ed.html

  20. Level III After the second level, there are two choices:Masters and Specialist. Both degrees allow access to doctoral study. Master (magistr):  A two year degree after the bachelor degree. Open to students wanting to go into academia and research. Candidates must continue in the same area of study as the bachelors. (Because most students continue after the bakalavr at the same institution, they may not receive the actual bakalavr diploma). Specialist: Designed for students of practical applications of their specialization. Two choices are given: 1)Upon completion of at least 1.5 years of study after the bakalavr. (Students who earn the diploma of specialist this way often do not get their actual bakalavr diploma.) 2)Upon completion of four to six years of study after the attestat o srednem polnom obshchem obrazovanii (this is the unchanged Soviet diploma of specialist). Professional qualification in engineering, teaching, economics, etc. Bakalavr, magistr and specialist diplomas are awarded by the State Attestation Commission. http://www.hse.ru/lingua/en/rus-ed.html

  21. Teacher education • Pre Primary and primary basic teachers • Two-and–a-half to four-and-a-half years • Non university level • Secondary school teachers • University level at least 5 years • Higher education teachers • Post graduate training, scientific degree is a must

  22. Assessment • Only 1/3 of students are prepared to attend the university based on their present school knowledge. • 1/3 take prep courses • Others hire private tutors • Entrance exams are expensive • Grade Structure: • 2 is poor (fail), • 3 is satisfactory (a pass but not great), • 4 is good • 5 is excellent.

  23. http://www.hse.ru/lingua/en/rus-ed.html www. wes.org/ewenr/PF/05dec/pfpractical.htm (Fact Monster, 2009) Yudina, A. (n.d.). Informatics in Logo for High School (Masters thesis, ). Retrieved from http://www.edurussia.ru/education1.html http://www.justrussian.com/blog/61/russian-education-secondary-school (“From Russia With Discipline“, 2010)

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