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Music in the Middle Ages

Music in the Middle Ages. 450-1450 A.D. Socially. Towns are growing Social classes Nobility Peasants Clergy. Music. Found only in the church Women were not allowed to sing except in convents Hardly any instrumental pieces Organ was most popular instrument. Gregorian Chant .

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Music in the Middle Ages

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  1. Music in the Middle Ages 450-1450 A.D.

  2. Socially • Towns are growing • Social classes • Nobility • Peasants • Clergy

  3. Music Found only in the church Women were not allowed to sing except in convents Hardly any instrumental pieces Organ was most popular instrument

  4. Gregorian Chant Official music of the Roman Catholic church Music in Latin No exact rhythm Named after Pope Gregory I Music passed on through oral tradition Composers mostly unknown Alleluia: Vidimus stellam (We Have Seen His Star) O successores (You successors) – Hildegard von Bingen

  5. Secular Music • 12th and 13th centuries (starting 1100’s) • Troubadours • Minstrels • Estampie • Music example

  6. Polyphony • Polyphony – two melodies simultaneously • Started around 700-900 A.D. • Was taught at the School of Notre Dame in Paris • Leonin • Perotin • Alleluia: Nativitas (The Birth) • Composers develop the first rhythmic notation system

  7. 14th Century (1300’s) • Bubonic plague killed 25% of Europe’s population • Authority of the church is diminishing • Secular music becoming more popular • Music notation system being used • New instruments • Sackbut (early trombone) • Shawm (early oboe)

  8. Famous Composers • Francesco Landini (?-1397) • Italian • Blind • Organist • Poet • Scholar • Invented the bandura • Guillaume Machaut (1300-1377) • French • Priest • Court official for royal families • Poet/musician • Best known composition: Notre Dame Mass

  9. Mass Ordinary • Sung in church on a daily basis • In Latin • Consists of five prayers • Kyrie • Gloria • Credo • Sanctus • Agnus Dei • Added instruments and polyphony to the mass ordinary starting in the 1300’s

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