Enhancing Airport Operations through Improved Efficiency and Safety Measures

1. Block 0 Overview Halidou Moussa Air Navigation Commissioner International Civil Aviation Organization

2. Understanding the Relationships Performance Improvement Areas Block 0 (2013) Block 1 (2018) Block 2 (2023) Block 3 (2028 & >) B3-15 B1-15 B2-15 B0-15 Airport Operations Globally Interoperable Systems and Data Optimum Capacity and Flexible Flights Efficient Flight Path Module Preparatory Workshop for AN-Conf/12 2

3. Block 0:Capabilities within our Grasp Today • Block 0 initiatives must leverage on existing on-board avionics • 3 Priorities have been agreed to: • Performance Based Navigation (PBN) • Continuous Descent Operations (CDO) • Continuous Climb Operations (CCO) Preparatory Workshop for AN-Conf/12

4. Global Readiness Checklist • Each Module is evaluated for its readiness • If any component is not found to be ready it moves to a future Block for implementation • Those Modules that are not specifically ready at a Block release are noted as “dates of readiness” All Block 0 Modules Have Met the Readiness Criteria Preparatory Workshop for AN-Conf/12

5. Block 0: Across the Phases of Flight Performance Improvement Areas Airport Operations Globally Interoperable Systems and Data Information B0-30 - Service Improvement through Digital Aeronautical Information Management B0-105 - Meteorological Information Supporting Enhanced Operational Efficiency and Safety Optimum Capacity and Flexible Flights B0-86 - Improved Access to Optimum Flight Levels through Climb/Descent Procedures using ADS-B Efficient Flight Path Network B0-35 - Improved Flow Performance through Planning based on a Network-Wide view B0-40 - Improved Safety & Efficiency through the initial application of Data Link En-Route B0-102 - Increased Effectiveness of Ground-based Safety Nets ToC ToD B0-20 - Improved Flexibility & Efficiency in Departure Profiles (CCOs) B0-05 - Improved Flexibility & Efficiency in Descent Profiles (CDOs) B0-15 - Improved Traffic Flow through Runway Sequencing (AMAN/DMAN) B0-65 – Optimisation of Approach Procedures including Vertical Guidance B0-84 - Initial Capability for Ground Surveillance B0-10 - Improved Operations through Enhanced En-Route Trajectories CTA B0-85 – Air Traffic Situational Awareness (ATSA) B0-101 – ACAS Improvements B0-25 - Increased Interoperability, Efficiency & Capacity through Ground-Ground Integration B0-80 - Improved Airport Operations through Airport-CDM B0-70 - Increased Runway Throughput through Wake Turbulence Separation B0-75 - Improved Safety & Efficiency of Surface Operations (A-SMGCS Level 1-2) Infrastructure Preparatory Workshop for AN-Conf/12

6. Block 0: Content Overview Performance Improvement Areas Block 0 Today and Beyond; Based on Operational Need Airport Operations 5 Modules depending on: GNSS-based Approaches; Better Wake Vortex Minima; A-SMGCS; Airport CDM, Improved Metering Integrated AMAN/DMAN/SMAN Globally Interoperable Systems and Data Full FF-ICE And More 3 Modules depending on: Ground-Ground Integration based on AIDC; Digital AIM using AIXM and other developments. Optimum Capacity and Flexible Flights Traffic Complexity Management 7 Modules based on: PBN, FUA and CDM in combination; Improved Flow Planning and Air Traffic Situational Awareness. Efficient Flight Path Full 4D – TBO And More 3 Modules based on: Existing Datalink Operations which support CDOs, CCOs and En-Route Operations Preparatory Workshop for AN-Conf/12 6

7. A Look at the Block 0 Modules Performance Improvement Areas Block 0 (2013) Optimization of approach procedures Airport Operations Increased runway throughput through WT separation Improve traffic flow through runway sequencing Safety and efficiency of surface operations Improved airport operations through airport-CDM Globally Interoperable Systems and Data Digital aeronautical information management Increased interoperability, efficiency and capacity MET information supporting enhanced operation Improved flow performance through network planning Improved ops. through enhanced en-route trajectories Optimum Capacity and Flexible Flights Initial capability for ground surveillance Air traffic situational awareness (ATSA) Improved access to optimum flight levels ACAS improvements Increased effectiveness of ground based safety nets Efficient Flight Path Initial application of data link en-route Improved flexibility and efficiency in descent profiles Improved flexibility and efficiency in departure profiles Preparatory Workshop for AN-Conf/12

8. Airport Operations B0-15 Improved Traffic Flow through Runway Sequencing (AMAN/DMAN) Metering Time-based metering to sequence departing and arriving flights B0-75 Improved Safety & Efficiency of Surface Operations (A-SMGCS Level 1 and 2) Airport surface surveillance for ANSP B0-80 Improved Airport Operations through Airport CDM Airport operational improvements through the way operational partners at airports work together B0-65 Optimisation of Approach Procedures including vertical guidance This is the first step toward universal implementation of GNSS-based approaches B0-70 Increased Runway Throughput through Wake Turbulence Separation Improved throughput on departure and arrival runways through the revision of current ICAO wake vortex separation minima and procedures (re-categorisation, CSPR and WIDAO) The combined Block 0 Modules reduce fuel consumption and noise by improving arrival efficiencies and improving information sharing Preparatory Workshop for AN-Conf/12

9. Globally Interoperable Systems and Data B0-25 Increased Interoperability, Efficiency and Capacity through Ground-Ground Integration Supports the coordination of ground-ground data communication between ATSU based on ATS Inter-facility Data Communication (AIDC) defined by ICO Document 9694 B0-30 Service Improvement through Digital Aeronautical Information Management Initial introduction of digital processing and management of information, by the implementation of AIS/AIM making use of AIXM, moving to electronic AIP and better quality and availability of data B0-105 Meteorological Information Supporting Enhanced Operational Efficiency & Safety The dynamic integration of ATM and MET information is expected to provide timely meteorological information to enable real-time identification, increased predictability and deployment of operationally effective ATM solutions to accommodate changing conditions, as well as facilitate tactical avoidance of hazardous meteorological conditions. In Block 0 we improve overall operations and continue to enable Collaborative Decision Making through improved interfacilities communications using standard information formats Preparatory Workshop for AN-Conf/12

10. Optimum Capacity and Flexible Flights B0-10 Improved Operations through Enhanced En-Route Trajectories Implementation of performance-based navigation (PBN concept) and flex tracking to avoid significant weather and to offer greater fuel efficiency, flexible use of airspace (FUA) through special activity airspace allocation, airspace planning and time-based metering, and collaborative decision-making (CDM) for en-route airspace with increased information exchange among ATM stakeholders • B0-85 • Air Traffic Situational Awareness (ATSA) • This module comprises two ATSA (Air Traffic Situational Awareness) applications which will enhance safety and efficiency by providing pilots with the means to achieve quicker visual acquisition of targets: • AIRB (Enhanced Traffic Situational Awareness during Flight Operations) • VSA (Enhanced Visual Separation on Approach). B0-35 Improved Flow Performance through Planning based on a Network-Wide view Collaborative ATFM measure to regulate peak flows involving departure slots, managed rate of entry into a given piece of airspace for traffic along a certain axis, requested time at a waypoint or an FIR/sector boundary along the flight, use of miles-in-trail to smooth flows along a certain traffic axis and re-routing of traffic to avoid saturated areas Using procedural concepts (e.g. RNP, FUA, etc.) and Air Traffic Situational Awareness - combined with enhanced planning tools and information sharing, the enroute phase of flight supports additional capacity and flexibility using the Modules of Block 0 Preparatory Workshop for AN-Conf/12

11. Optimum Capacity and Flexible Flights (cont’d) B0-101 ACAS Improvements Implementation of ACAS with enhanced optional features such as altitude capture laws reducing nuisance alerts, linking to the autopilot for automatic following of resolution advisories B0-86 Improved access to Optimum Flight Levels through Climb/Descent Procedures using ADS-B The aim of this module is to prevent flights to be trapped at an unsatisfactory altitude for a prolonged period of time. The In Trail Procedure (ITP) uses ADS-B based separation minima to enable an aircraft to climb or descend through the altitude of other aircraft when the requirements of procedural separation cannot be met. B0-102 Increased Effectiveness of Ground Based Safety Nets Ground monitoring of the operational environment during flight to provide timely alerts of risks to flight safety. In this case, short-term conflict alert, area proximity warnings and minimum safe altitude warnings are proposed. B0-84 Initial Capability for Ground Surveillance To provide an initial capability for lower cost ground surveillance through new technologies such as ADS-B OUT and wide area multilateration (MLAT) systems. This capability can support various ATM services, e.g. traffic information, search and rescue and separation provision. Using procedural concepts (e.g. RNP, FUA, etc.) and Air Traffic Situational Awareness - combined with enhanced planning tools and information sharing, the enroute phase of flight supports additional capacity and flexibility using the Modules of Block 0 Preparatoy Workshop for AN-Conf/12 11

12. Efficient Flight Path B0-05 Improved Flexibility and Efficiency in Descent Profiles (CDOs) Deployment of performance-based airspace and arrival procedures that allow the aircraft to fly their optimum aircraft profile taking account of airspace and traffic complexity with continuous descent operations (CDOs) B0-40 Improved Safety and Efficiency through the initial application of Data Link En-Route Implementation of an initial set of data link applications for surveillance and communications in ATC The use of procedurally based Optimized Profile Climbs and Descents as well as an initial Data Link Capability helps to establish a Block 0 capability for improved operational efficiencies B0-20 Improved Flexibility and Efficiency in Departure Profiles (CCOs) Deployment of departure procedures that allow the aircraft to fly their optimum aircraft profile taking account of airspace and traffic complexity with continuous climb operations (CCOs) Preparatory Workshop for AN-Conf/12

13. Challenges - How to Get There? It is all about managing risk Block 0 risks are minimum Global Readiness Checklist is complete The Modules are well understood and supported But risks do exist States may not be capable of ensuring successful deployment of Block 0 If Block 0 is not implemented as a foundation, certain functionalities may not be available as enablers for future blocks We must Identify and resolve policies necessary to enable the future blocks now Preparatory Workshop for AN-Conf/12

14. Implementation – The Time is Now • The Modules of Block 0 are ready for implementation today • Standards are ready – The Infrastructure is available • Avionics are ready – Ground Automation is ready • Procedures and Operational Approvals are in place • Establishing the foundation for the future is now • Care was taken to ensure that regional implementation of the Blocks or the Modules are well described and ready for implementation Preparatory Workshop for AN-Conf/12

15. Summary and Conclusions • The “Aviation System Block Upgrades” initiative is the best approach to reach our goals: • Enables global interoperability (which is our goal) • Develops clear solutions (block upgrades) • Establishes a transition plan (it’s a well thought out way for going forward) • Support the development of a Global CNS/AIM and avionics roadmaps • Block 0 is ready for deployment Preparatory Workshop for AN-Conf/12

16. Points to Remember • Block 0 leverages on capabilities within our grasp today • Takes advantage of existing avionics • Ready for implementation • Priorities in Block 0: PBN, CCO & CDO • ICAO held PBN Symposium in October 2012: • Download documentation at: www.icao.int/Meetings/PBN-Symposium • All WPs for Block 0 Modules available on Conference Website • www.icao.int/anconf12 • They will be presented at the AN-Conf Preparatory Workshop for AN-Conf/12

17. Preparatory Workshop for AN-Conf/12