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GPU – Graphic Processing Unit

Explore the evolution of Graphic Processing Units (GPUs) from Atari's ANTIC chip to NVIDIA's GeForce series and recent developments like Larrabee, a many-core x86 architecture for visual computing. Learn about different types of GPUs and their applications across various devices. Uncover the integration of GPUs in embedded systems, mobile phones, PCs, workstations, and game consoles. Delve into the history, instruction sets, and the shift towards programmable shading in GPUs.

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GPU – Graphic Processing Unit

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  1. GPU – Graphic Processing Unit Hao Yu Computer Architecture and Design

  2. Content • Instruction • History • Different types of GPUs • Recent Development

  3. Instruction • GPU (graphics processing unit ) is a RISC specialized processor that offloads 3D graphics rendering from microprocessor.

  4. Instruction • GPUs are mainly used in embedded systems, mobile phones, personal computers, workstations and game consoles.

  5. History • 1970s: ANTIC and CTIA chips provided for hardware control of mixed graphics and text modes, sprite positioning and display, and other operations based on Atari 8-bit computers. • 1980s: IBM Professional Graphics Controller was one of the very first 2D/3D graphics accelerators available for the IBM PC, released in 1984. But it was expensive, slow and lack of compatibility.

  6. History • 1990s: S3 Graphics introduced the first single-chip 2D accelerator (S3 86C911); in mid-1990s, PlayStation and Nintendo 64 developed hardware-accelerated 3D graphics for the requirement of game market. • 2000s: NVIDIA was first to produce a chip capable of programmable shading, GeForce 3 (NV20); Oct. 2002, ATI Radeon 9700 (R300), was introduced as the world’s first Direct3D 9.0 accelerator.

  7. GPUs Tseng LabsET4000/W32p 3dfxVoodoo3 S3 GraphicsViRGE

  8. Different types of GPUs • Dedicated Graphics Card • Integrated Graphics • Hybrid Graphics

  9. Recent Development – Larrabee

  10. Recent Development – Larrabee • Differences from other GPUs 1. Larrabee will use the x86 instruction set with Larrabee-specific extensions; 2. Larrabee will feature cache coherency across all its cores; 3. Larrabee will include little specialized graphics hardware, by using a tile-based rendering way. • More flexible

  11. Reference • [1]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_processing_unit • [2]http://computershopper.com/feature/200704_the_right_gpu_for_you • [3]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larrabee_(GPU)#cite_note-siggraph-9 • [4]“Larrabee: A Many-Core x86 Architecture for Visual Computing”, Kruger and Westermann, International Conf. on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, 2005

  12. Thanks!

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