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DNA

DNA. Introduction to Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources. Unit 4 – Lesson 4.1 Totally Cellular. The Nucleus. Eukaryote cells contain a nucleus that contain important organelle components and compounds required for cell replication. Florida State University (2010). Inside the Nucleus.

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DNA

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  1. DNA Introduction to Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources Unit 4 – Lesson 4.1 Totally Cellular

  2. The Nucleus Eukaryote cells contain a nucleus that contain important organelle components and compounds required for cell replication Florida State University (2010)

  3. Inside the Nucleus Chromosomes Nucleus DNA

  4. Chromosomes Chromosomes are found within the nucleus and contain DNA, which is the building block of genes.

  5. DNA Defined Deoxyribonucleic acid – double stranded nucleic acid molecule arranged as a double helix. • Main constituent of the chromosome • Carries the genes as segments along it’s strands Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.

  6. DNA Composition DNA is made up of: • Phosphoric acid • Deoxyribose (sugar) • Four nitrogen bases • Cytosine (C) • Thymine (T) • Adenine (A) • Guanine (G) • Hydrogen

  7. DNA Base Pairing DNA bases always combine as follows: • Cytosine (C) combines with Guanine (G) • Adenine (A) combines with Thymine (T)

  8. DNA Replication When cells divide, DNA strands must replicate. • Strands unwind • Base pairs detach • Each strand replicates forming two complete DNA strands

  9. Gene Combinations Genes are “segments” DNA that define certain physical characteristics of living things. Image from ADAM (2009)

  10. Genetic Inheritance Genes are replicated as DNA is copied over and over to make new cells. This replication process defines the physical traits of a living organism and passes on the genetic combinations to offspring during fertilization.

  11. References Lab-Aids Incorporated. (2005). The molecular model of DNA and its replication kit [Brochure]. Ronkonkoma, NY: Author. Parker, R. (2010). Plant and soil science: Fundamentals and applications. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar.

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