BELLWORK (9/12): Intro to Greece

BELLWORK (9/12): Intro to Greece Chapter 4; lesson 1 “The Impact of Geography” page 76-77  • List two ways the mountainous terrain of Greece impacted their society. • List two ways access to the sea impacted Greece’s development. “Tyranny in the City-States” page 82  • Define tyrant. • Define oligarchy. • What is a democracy?

Ancient Greece Their control of the Mediterranean led to advances that contributed to the way we live today.

Ancient Greece • The Greeks took over the Mediterranean region and contributed greatly to the way we live today. • Ancient Greece included the southern part of Europe’s Balkan Peninsula and islands in the Aegean Sea. • Greece’s mountain ranges protected against invaders but also limited communication. • Greece is surrounded by sea, which encouraged the Greeks to become traders, and expand their empire.

Geography of Ancient Greece • Mountain ranges = protection & isolation • Surrounded by sea = allowed the Greeks to become traders, build a navy and expand their empire.

Establishing overseas colonies allowed Greeks to spread their culture and political ideas.

The Polis • Polis, or city-state, was the political unit of Greek civilization. • Community of people who shared a common identity and goals  independent! • Each polis built their own military and forts to protect them (acropolis)  war was common • Some citizens had political rights (adult males), but others did not (women, children, slaves).

Temples and public building were located within the acropolis. The Parthenon, a temple dedicated to Athena, is part of Athens’ Acropolis. Athens was built near a rocky hill that could easily be fortified and defended Temples were also built to honor legendary kings. The Agora, an open area in a Polis, was used a gathering place for citizens to discuss and a marketplace for trade. The Acropolis (fortified area) provided a place of refuge for citizens during times of war; had access to water

Greek Civilization • Main themes throughout Greek civilization: heroes, bravery, honor, dignity, and the love of beauty. • In religion, the Greeks worshiped gods and goddesses Temple built for Apollo (God of music, prophecy, archery & medicine) – 4th Century B.C.

Greek Government • In the 700s BC, tyrants seized power (absolute control  strong military and political influence) • Greeks believed in the rule of law! (Tyrants insulted this ideal!) • As a result, in 500s BC, city-states became either: • Oligarchy: rule by a few • Democracy: rule by the citizens

Greek City-States • Two major city-states in ancient Greece: • Sparta • Oligarchy • Warlike society • Men & Women contributed • Athens • Freer society known for artistic/intellectual achievements • Democracy allowed citizens to assemble, hold public office, vote, own property, court rights, etc.

BELLWORK: September 14th • What is a polis? List two examples of a polis! • THINKER: Based on what we’ve learned so far, what makes Ancient Greece different than all other civilizations we’ve studied?

Greeks are most known for their contribution to modern society. Including classical art, architecture, drama, philosophy, history, science, and the Olympic games. Today, you will focus on one specific aspect of culture! Greek Civilization & Culture

GRAFFITIBOARD • Students will be broken up into seven groups and given a specific aspect of Greek Civilization to focus on. • After reading the handout, fill out your assigned row! • Then, your group will take all your knowledge of the topic and transfer it onto the graffiti board. • On the graffiti board you should write facts, draw pictures, sketch important concepts or reiterate ideas about your value. • Do NOT just copy information from the handout. • Should be large scale, organized, legible! Keep it neat! • It is your blank canvas, do whatever you like. It should be a free expression of your knowledge. BE CREATIVE! Everyone must contribute! • You may use your phone/book for additional references and ideas. • After the class is finished, you will present your graffiti board. Make sure you are knowledgeable on your topic – you are teaching it!

REVIEW: Steps for completion… • Read the handout (you may write on it!) • Work as a group to fill out your row of the worksheet – focus on main ideas! • Have a group representative check your work with Ms. Bruggeman • After I review your work, I will give you a piece of poster paper • Create your Graffiti board poster! • Divide, practice, and organize the presentation • Present!

BELLWORK (9/12): Intro to Greece