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China BCE

China BCE. Adler Chapters 6 and 18 Impressions of China. Geographical Influences. Mountains, sea, and desert provide some protection and isolation Vulnerable to northwest

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China BCE

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  1. China BCE Adler Chapters 6 and 18 Impressions of China

  2. Geographical Influences • Mountains, sea, and desert provide some protection and isolation • Vulnerable to northwest • River valleys 1. Yellow(Huang Ho) earliest civilization - damaging floods 2. Yangtze- very important in unification- transportation- irrigation

  3. The Huang Ho River Valley

  4. Earliest Civilizations- most isolated • Earliest- Neolithic- Ban Po- similar to other parts of the world/ one of the oldest • Shang Dynasty 1500-11 BCE in No China along the Huang Ho- raised silk worms- silk part of lure and fascination of China, famous for bronze sculpture, daggers, jade jewelry paid homage to ancestors- family important • Chou (Zhou) 1027-256-longest-developed foundations for Chinese society

  5. Ancient China Way of Life- Confucianism p58-59 • Moral and ethical code highly developed treat everyone with consideration • Advocated paternalistic government • Value on family head- ancestor respect • Values- loyalty, righteousness, wisdom, sincerity • very practical and humanistic Gentility

  6. Daoism (Taoism)LaoTzu (Lao Zi) p 60 • contemporary of Confucius • Tao= the road way • Absolute=sum of existence • Goal to bring people into harmony • very introspective • not as influential as Confucius

  7. Zhou (Chou) Dynasty (cont) • Feudal society- emperor gave out fiefs • Shang thought they had a divine right- Chou rulers had responsibility • Zhou did take title “Son of Heaven” • compared to medieval Europe- had a code for dress, fighting etc. • no contracts

  8. Ancient Philosophies • About 500BCE Buddha, Confucius, Greek Philosophers and Chinese - Lao Tze • Called a flowering period • India more concerned with cosmos and soul • China more concerned with ethical life on earth • Ironic comparison of Asoka and Shi Huangdi

  9. Qin (Ch’in) Dynasty 221-206 BCE • dominated by “The First Emperor” • Qin Shi Huangdi (Chin Shi Huang Ti) • ambitious= understatement • centralized the government- rid of feudal lords • constructed roads and canals • The Great Wall- sacrifice AND • An amazing tomb found in 20th Cen

  10. Han Dynasty 202BCE-220 CE(Roman Times) • Similar: built cities, officials to carry out edicts, heavy taxes collapsed under invasions and internal revolts • contact along the Silk Road, Buddhist Missionaries to China • combination of Confucius and legalism • advanced in science and literature • invented rudder, paper, magnetic compass, acupuncture • Short period of Civil War- Sui Dynasty connected two rivers with canal- over extended

  11. Tang Dynasty 618-907 CE Contributions • Internal renewal(improved lives of people) and external expansion • Used formal civil service exam to recruit-set up university • Tried to equalize land holdings- fought corruption • literature and art flourished- Tang horses p 203 • Inventions- paper during Han- used for clothes and tp- 589 used for writing- invented printing, gun powder, encyclopedia

  12. Song(Sung) Dynasty 960-1279 • moved the capitol east- • economic expansion- used paper money, • used abacus- • Silk Road traffic at height • when dangerous went to sea routes • first period of great oceanic commerce • trades tea, silk and porcelain for exotic woods and precious stones

  13. The MongolsNomadic peoples • Loosely organized clans in a state of stress • Genghis Kahn- son of impoverished noble with army of less than 130,000 conquered Asia • mastered military tactics on horseback- pursue and ambush, firelance, took China • Kublai Kahn- grandson Yuan dynasty at Peking- adopted Chinese ways- lasted 100 years- gave way to Ming dynasty

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