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Lecture 1: Introduction to Health Informatics

The School of Health Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia. Lecture 1: Introduction to Health Informatics. Sharifah Mastura Syed Mohamad sharifah@kck.usm.my Ext.: 3823. The School of Health Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia. Lecture 1: Objectives.

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Lecture 1: Introduction to Health Informatics

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  1. The School of Health Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Lecture 1: Introduction to Health Informatics Sharifah Mastura Syed Mohamad sharifah@kck.usm.my Ext.: 3823

  2. The School of Health Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Lecture 1: Objectives • Formulate a clear, practical definition of health informatics • Define information, ICT and health informatics literacy • Identify key literacy terms and components • Discuss the skill required for information literacy, computer literacy and HI literacy. • Apply HI literacy skills to health care setting.

  3. Defining Health Informatics • Health Informatics is the science that uses information to improve health care [1]. • Health informatics is an interdisciplinary field that applies technology and information to enhance health care delivery, support biomedical research, and foster education of health professionals and the public [2]. • HI is the study of how health data, information, and knowledge are collected, stored, processed, communicated, and used to support the process of health care delivery to clients and providers, administrators, and organizations involved in health care delivery.

  4. Defining Informatics ICT Information Professional knowledge Informatics as a crossroads where information, ICT, knowledge and wisdom meet.

  5. “Information is data that have meaning. It can be presented in any medium (text, lists or graphics) in the manner that the end user prefers” [1] http://www.kck.usm.my/pustaka/ Information literacy Static information - info that remains the same after publication. Dynamic information – info that always change to keep current. Access and delivery methods library  electronic.

  6. Critical thinking skills negotiate the information jungle identify the best resources use the knowledge gained Information literacy (cont.) Cognitive skills • Concentration and Attention • Comprehension and Interpretation • Evaluation and Synthesis • Application and Analysis • Generalization and Abstraction http://www.lib.csusb.edu/TIJ/

  7. Ability to identify an information need, locate pertinent information, evaluate the information, and apply it correctly. Information literacy (cont.) Develop need statement Identifying terms Search strategies Identify resources Credibility, Accuracy Bias, Currency Relevancy, Usability Organizing Managing, using Practical 2: WWW, E-mail, E-Journals, Education Web Site

  8. ICT Infrastructure: HW, SW, Storage and Network ICT literacy ICT – Computer, communication and multimedia technologies that can be used to receive, process, store, display and disseminate information.

  9. Ability to acquire and apply a basic understanding of current ICT hardware systems and software applications to a problem in a particular work or personal setting. ICT literacy Computer Practical 3 – 12: OS, Word processing, Spreadsheet, Database, Presentation and Graphic

  10. Fluency with Information Technology (FITness [3]) • Foundation concepts concerning how technology works • Contemporary skills using computer applications • Intellectual ability to apply that knowledge and adapt to change through life long learning

  11. Provide health care services results from education and experience. Professional knowledge Biomedicine Dietetics Nursing Forensic Science Medical Radiation Exercise & Sports Science Audiology Speech Pathology Nutrition

  12. ICT Information Professional knowledge Health informatics literacy The application of information literacy, ICT literacy, and the professional knowledge during the delivery of health care services. Facilitate the delivery of efficient, cost effective, high-quality care.

  13. People in HI HI involves people with diverse backgrounds and training: • Clinical – needs information that suitable in caring for patients • Nonclinical (Educators, adminstrators, scientists) – need relevant data and information to perform their duties • Information science – IT professionals use computing technologies to manage information within an organization  fulfill need and requirements of other end users

  14. Examples: Applications in basic research Human Genome Project – Scientists used fundamental research methods and techniques to map the complete human genome • Provide enormous opportunity to understand human body in ways not previously possible • Relied heavily on IT to sort and manage the data to map human genome  Ability to identify and treat human disease

  15. Examples: Applications on institutional level Mobile access to clinical and medical information anywhere and anytime by using handheld computers such as Palm or Pocket PC devices More information refer to www.mercurymd.com

  16. More examples Clinical decision support system – designed to help practitioners make informed patient care decisions based on both patient-specific information and the latest research findings. Pharmacists – computerized order entry

  17. Examples: Applications in HUSM • Hospital Information System (HIS): • LIFELINE • Sistem Maklumat Drug & Ubat-ubatan • Lab. Info. Sys (LIS): - Pathology Online Report System • Haematology LIS • Blood Transfusion LIS • Interface system for laboratory equipments & clinical : • - Flowcytometer System - Chemistry Analyser System - Linear Accelerator System

  18. Examples: Applications in HUSM • Picture Archiving & Communication System (PACS) • CTScan Image Processing System • Radiology PACS • Decission Support System (DSS) & Artificial Intelligence System (AI) - Pathology Diagnosis Support Sys. - Antibiotics Selection Sys. - Health Geographical Info. Sys.

  19. Homework – self evaluation • Draft your own definition of health informatics. • Check with at least one online resources to compare your understanding of the term with other published definitions on the internet. • Briefly describe the history of health informatics. • Describe a scenario demonstrating how you might apply health informatics literacy in your discipline. • List several ways that you will continue to develop health informatics literacy now and in the future.

  20. HI resources

  21. References [1] Hersh, WR. Medical Informatics: Improving health care through information. JAMA. 2002;288(16) [2] Felkey GF, Fox BI and Thrower. Health Care Informatics: A skill-based resource. APhA, 2006:p.4. [3] Englebardt & Nelson. Health Care Informatics: An Interdisciplinary approach. Mosby. 2006:p.41. Sharifah Mastura Syed Mohamad PPSK, USM. Dec. 2006

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