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Psychological Disorders

Psychological Disorders. “We are all mad at some time or another.” - Battista Mantuanus. Psychological Disorder. Psychological disorder – a psychological condition characterized by behaviors and/or thinking patterns that are UMAD Unjustifiable Maladaptive Atypical Disturbing.

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Psychological Disorders

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  1. Psychological Disorders “We are all mad at some time or another.” - Battista Mantuanus

  2. Psychological Disorder • Psychological disorder – a psychological condition characterized by behaviors and/or thinking patterns that are UMAD • Unjustifiable • Maladaptive • Atypical • Disturbing

  3. Mentally Ill vs. Insane • The term “insane” is not a clinical term, rather a legal term. • The rare “insanity defense.” • It is offensive to refer to a mentally ill individual as “crazy” or “insane.” • Often we say these terms when we are confused or uncomfortable.

  4. Classifying Disorders • DSM 5 • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders • Published by the American Psychiatric Association • A widely used system for classifying psychological disorders. • 1950 – 60 disorders • Today – over 400 disorders

  5. Anxiety Disorders • Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety

  6. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder • Characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions). • Must disrupt everyday life • Trichotillomania (hair-pulling) • Excoriation (skin-picking) • Hoarding disorder

  7. Famous OCD Sufferers • Charles Darwin • Howard Hughes • Marc Summers • Howie Mandel • Megan Fox

  8. Mood Disorders • Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes • Depression is the number one reason people seek mental health services.

  9. Famous Mood Disorder Sufferers • Abraham Lincoln • Woody Allen • Bob Dylan • Winston Churchill • Audrey Hepburn • Marilyn Monroe • Kurt Cobain • Robin Williams • Russell Brand • Carrie Fischer • Ernest Hemingway • Amy Winehouse Major Depressive Disorder Bipolar Disorder

  10. Schizophrenia • A group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perception, and inappropriate emotions and actions. • Literally means “split mind” – split with reality • 1 in 100 people • Delusions – false beliefs • I AM Santa Claus. • I know the FBI is monitoring my phone! • Hallucinations – false perceptions • I SEE Santa Claus. • I HEAR the FBI listening in on my phone line!

  11. Schizophrenia’s Biological Roots Overabundance of dopamine receptors – medication can lessen dopamine activity, amphetamines can worsen Less frontal lobe activity Paranoid – more activity in amygdala Shrinkage of tissue and enlargement of fluid-filled areas

  12. Famous Schizophrenics • There are few famous schizophrenics due to its early-life development and impairment • Mary-Todd Lincoln (possibly bipolar) • Jack Kerouac • Eduard Einstein (son of Albert) • Syd Barrett

  13. Dissociative Disorders • Disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (disassociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings • Can manifest in a sudden loss of memory or change in identity • When a situation becomes overwhelmingly stressful, people are said to dissociate themselves from it  conscious awareness becomes separated from painful memories, thoughts, or feelings.

  14. Somatoform Disorders • characterized by symptoms that suggest physical illness or injury but cannot be explained fully by a medical condition, a drug substance, or another mental disorder

  15. Personality Disorders • Psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning. • Several different types – can appear similar to psychological disorders, however personality disorders are enduring and inflexible

  16. “I didn’t know what made people want to be friends. I didn’t know what made people attracted to one another.” – Ted Bundy

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