Stock Certificate Dematerialization Presentation and Roundtable

1. Stock Certificate DematerializationPresentation and Roundtable January 11, 2007

2. William J. Roberston Vice President JPMorgan Chase

3. Program Agenda • Introduction • Overview • SEC update • DTC update • DRS Sub-Committee update • Frequently Asked Questions & Answers

4. Event Participants William J. Robertson - JP Morgan Chase Lawrence Morillo - Pershing LLC Susan Petersen - SEC Joseph Trezza - DTCC Kathryn Sevcik - Wells Fargo Shareholder Services Kevin McCosker - Pershing LLC Armando Di Biase - The Bank of New York Donna Fremgen - Merrill Lynch John Hosty - The Northern Trust Company 10

5. Lawrence Morillo Managing Director Pershing LLC Chairman SIFMA Operations Legal and Regulatory Committee

6. Physical Securities • Objective • Eliminate the issuance, transfer and retention of paper securities certificates • Industry costs -$250 million • Lost and stolen - $49.4 million • Alternatives to physical securities • Hold in street name • Book-entry only (municipals, governments, options) • Direct Registration System (DRS)

7. Physical Securities • Direct Registration System (DRS) • Security is registered in customer name on the Issuer's books • Either Company or its Transfer Agent holds the security in book-entry form • Customer receives mailings from issuer • Statement of ownership • Periodic account statement • Dividends • Annual Reports • Proxies • Other

8. Physical Securities • States/Other Jurisdictions • Delaware - Industry Milestone – August 1, 2005 • Eliminates requirement to provide physical certificates • Corporations can issue certificates, but are not obligated • Arizona, California, Louisiana, Missouri - completed • Puerto Rico – requires change • Limited participation among firms • Contacting firms in Puerto Rico to solicit support

9. Physical Securities • DRS – Exchange Listing Requirements • January 2007 - NEW ISSUES • January 2008 - ALL ISSUES • AMEX, NASDAQ, NYSE: SEC approved – August 2006 • NYSE ARCA: SEC approved – September 2006 • BSE, CHX, PHLX: Rule filing with SEC – October 2006 • NSX: Board meeting in November

10. Physical Securities DTC Average Withdrawals by Transfers (WT’s) 2004-06 PhysicalsDRS WT’s #%#% TotalInc/Dec 2004 24,793 1,205 25,998 2005 21,235 2,706 23,941 2006* 15,239 4,535 19,774 *YTD November 95% 5 N/A 89% 11 (7%) (17%) 77% 23

11. Physical Securities DTC WT’s Average – November 2006 DRS Statement WT: $5.00 Avg Agent fee (DMA): .92 Surcharge: - _______________________ Total: $5.92 Certificate WT: $28.00 Avg Agent fee (DMA): 5.00 Surcharge: 20.00 _________________________ Total: $53.00 Difference = $47.08 15,239 WT’s @ $47.08 = $717,448 Annualized = $8.6 million additional cost!

12. Physical Securities • DRS Education Committee • DTC, NASD, SEC, SIFMA, STA • Licensing requirements – Series 7, 24, Continuing Education • DRS Working Group – rejects, process improvements • Comprehensive DRS information for firms

13. Physical Securities • DRS Education – Next Steps – Firms • Registered Reps/Operations/Customers • Education becomes more important as DRS increases • Alternatives to physical certificates • Hold in street name, book-entry, DRS • DTC • “Paper Torture Article” • Consider DRS not physical certificates • Firms should mandate DRS default – NOW! • DTC may request a rule change

14. Physical Securities “Inefficiency = Risk” Ron Kessler – AG Edwards

15. Susan Petersen Special Counsel Division of Market Regulation U.S. Securities & Exchange Commission

16. SEC Update • DRS Regulatory Perspective • State Laws • Exchange Listing requirements • Future direction

17. Joseph Trezza Vice President Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation

18. DTC Update • DRS Update/Next Steps • WT’s • Deposits • Non-Transferables • DTC Custody • Future

19. DTC Update • DRS Update • August 2006 • SEC approved rules - all exchange listed issues must be DRS eligible • January 1, 2007: NEW ISSUES • January 1, 2008: ALL ISSUES • September 2006 • DTC filed new Transfer Agent requirements • DRS • FAST

20. DTC Update • DRS Next Steps • Underwriter awareness • Information to Syndicate Operations Division • Letters to all underwriters • DTC articles • U.S. Facilities shut down • Eliminate “Hold and Bust” function • Minimal transaction volumes - 2 “Busts” per day • Certificate transactions continue to decline

21. DTC Update • DRS Next Steps • Discuss cost of Certificates vs. Statements • Continue to raise certificate fees for DRS eligible issues • Cover full cost of processing • Lower DRS Statement cost

22. DTC Update • DRS Next Steps • January 2007 • All IPO’s to join DRS • Begin discussions of eliminating certificates for DRS eligible issues • Info exchange - DTCC Board, SIFMA, Industry • 3Q 2007: Implement DRS enhancements • Move “all” shares • Move “all”, sell fractions • Move “all”, sell fractions, terminate account

23. DTC Update • DRS Next Steps • January 2008 • Migrate all exchange listed issues • 2Q 2008 • Discuss DTC default to DRS “statement only” • Currently 80% of WT’s are DRS eligible issues

24. DTC Update • WT’s • 2007 Projection • Avg. WT’s certificate volumes  22% • WT’s DRS statement volumes 50% • 3Q 2007 • Discuss limited processing days for WT’s

25. DTC Update • WT’s • Mid 2008 • Prepare to eliminate DMD processing • 4Q 2008 • Retire DMD functionality for DRS issues • All WT’s to DMA for DRS eligible issues

26. DTC Update • Deposits • 4Q 2007 • Certificate Automated Select Service (CASS) • Phase I • Agent participation • Certificate verification process • Phase II • Explore agent capacity • Willingness to participate • Truncate certificate @ depository

27. DTC Update • Non-Transferables • 2006 • Over 1 million certificates in vault • PREM, destruction process continues • 350,000 certificates destroyed in 2006 • 33% of current inventory • Economies of scale diminish • January 2007 • Fees increase - $7.00 per position • 3Q 2007 • Explore eliminating new deposits • Consider additional fee increases

28. DTC Update • DTC Custody (Non-Cede) • 2007 • Growth continues - less fungible certificates • Vault - over half million certificates and growing • All manual processes, no economies of scale • 1Q 2008 • Recommend “right-sizing” fees • 3Q 2008 • Plan to retire Envelope Settlement Service (ESS)

29. DTC Update • DTC Custody (Non-Cede) • 1Q 2009 • Evaluate processing options • Efficiencies • Cost reduction • Location

30. DTC Update • Future • 2008 • DRS/FAST - 400 agents • DRS - over 10,000 issues • Industry consideration of eliminating certificates • 2010 • Immobilization complete • Few, if any, certificates in system

31. Consensus: Go Paperless

32. Katie Sevcik Senior Vice President Manager of Operations Wells Fargo Shareowner Services Kevin McCosker Vice President Pershing LLC

33. DRS Sub-Committee Update • Issuer/CUSIP Eligibility • Corporate by-laws must permit the issuance of book-entry shares • CUSIP must be DTC and FAST eligible • Must provide DTC 10 days notice prior to DRS activation

34. DRS Sub-Committee Update • Transfer Agent Eligibility: • Registered transfer agent (SEC Rule 17A (c)) • Participates in DTC’s FAST program • Execute a DRS Limited Participant Account agreement • Able to store new data fields: • Investor account number at the Broker/Dealer • Broker/Dealer firm name • DTC participant account number • Payment Surety Plan (PSP) number at the transaction level • Capability to match a Profile move request on the prior Transfer Agent’s account number until the shareholder knows their new account number

35. DRS Sub-Committee Update • Broker/Dealer Eligibility • Must be a DTC participant • Must have a Profile Surety Program (PSP) number to initiate share movements • Must honor the investor’s request for a “register and ship” in statement form

36. DRS Sub-Committee Update • The following DRS information will be provided on the DRS Statement or check stub: • Full Registration • DRS Account number at the Transfer Agent identified on the statement as “Account Number” • Number of shares held in DRS (not necessarily shares held in DRIP) • Total number of DRS restricted shares, if applicable • CUSIP number or symbol (must be industry assigned 9 digit number or ISIN number) • Statement Date

37. DRS Sub-Committee Update • All DRIP Statements will include: • Full Registration • DRIP Account number at the Transfer Agent identified on the statement as “Account Number” • Number of shares held in DRIP (not necessarily shares held in DRS) • Total number of DRIP restricted shares, if applicable • CUSIP number or symbol (must be industry assigned 9 digit number or ISIN number) • Statement Date

38. DRS Sub-Committee Update • All DRS Transaction Advices/Statements will include: • Date of the transaction • Investor’s Broker/Bank Custodian account number and firm name for that particular transaction • Number of shares for the transaction • CUSIP number or symbol (must be industry assigned 9 digit number or ISIN number) • DRS Account number at the agent identified on the statement as “Account Number” • Full registration

39. DRS Sub-Committee Update • Moving shares from a DRS account to a Broker or Bank Custodian • Initiated by the receiving Broker/Bank Custodian • Authorization from the end customer is required • Review most recent statement (have investor verify share amount with the agent if the statement is old ) • Request DRS and DRIP accounts only • Compare account details • Verify tax ID with customer (especially joint accounts) • Maintain a list of account number formats • Add to the "Profile" System • Maintain paperwork physically or electronically (based on federal and state law) at the Broker/Bank Custodian

40. DRS Sub-Committee Update • Moving shares from a Broker/Bank Custodian to a DRS account • Initiated by the delivering Broker/Bank Custodian • Authorization required to deliver shares • Broker/Bank Custodian submits a WT’s through DTC and indicates “S” for DRS statement • DTC sends account number to the Broker/Bank Custodian • Transfer Agent sends confirmation to registered holder • Maintain paperwork physically or electronically (based on federal and state law) at the Broker/Bank Custodian

41. DRS Sub-Committee Update • Known Issues • DRS statements are issued when sending securities for corporate actions or transfers • Broker/Custodian loses control of the assets • Gifting of assets - Statements are issued directly to the recipient of the gift instead of presenter • Statements not sent by all Transfer Agents on a scheduled basis as it is not required by UCC or SEC regulations • Privacy laws restrict agents from divulging information such as the customer’s account number, account registration, tax ID number except to the registered owner of the account 10

42. DRS Sub-Committee Update • Known Issues (continued) • Certificated IRA Custodial accounts will have new shares issued in DRS form and the statement will be sent to the address on record. This address may be the investor’s address and not the IRA custodian’s. • IRA Custodial accounts are issued in DRS form without the custodians’ acceptance • No way to request “All” shares and liquidate fractions, industry is working on a solution • Transfer Agents are not designated a control location therefore Brokers can not hold DRS accounts on their books • DRS Issues that are held at a Broker in street-name are not always eligible for the Transfer Agent’s Dividend/Reinvestment Plan through DTC 10

43. DRS Sub-Committee Update • Known Issues (continued) • DRS and Dividend Reinvestment Plans cannot be combined at the Transfer Agent. Therefore, multiple statements may exist, one for each share type. • Restricted shares may be held in DRS, however, they are not eligible to move through the "Profile" System until the restriction is lifted. • Broker/Bank Custodians submitting physical shares through DTC for corporate action processing may also need to request any DRS shares through the "Profile" System. (this occurs when a registered owner holds both physical and DRS shares). 10

44. DRS Sub-Committee Update • Impact of dematerialization upon custodian • Safekeeping of Securities • Statements cannot be held in lieu of certificates • Restricted Securities • Only non-certificated corporations can be held in DRS • Asset Receipts • Currently activity advices are not sent to the Broker/Bank Custodian once a DRS transaction is complete 10

45. Armando Di Biase Vice President The Bank of New York Donna Fremgen Vice President Merrill Lynch John Hosty The Northern Trust Company Chairman, Bank Depository User Group (BDUG)

46. Frequently Asked Questions • How does a registered owner obtain the most recent DRS or Dividend Reinvestment statement? • Most Transfer Agents have on-line account access. If the investor has signed up for on-line access, they should be able to obtain the required information. If on-line access is not available the investor could also contact the Transfer Agent and request a duplicate statement. (a fee may be assessed for this service)

47. Frequently Asked Questions • How does the Broker or Bank Custodian transfer a registered owner’s entire book-entry position from a DRS/Dividend Reinvestment account to a brokerage account? • Currently an “ALL share” feature is not available in the "Profile" System. The industry is reviewing enhancements to various systems that are required to offer this feature. DTC’s detailed specifications will be reviewed by the DRS Industry Committee in the near future.

48. Frequently Asked Questions • Can the Broker/Bank Custodian request DRS and Dividend Reinvestment Plan shares on one "Profile" System request? • Yes, Transfer Agents are required to move both eligible DRS and Dividend Reinvestment Plan shares through the "Profile" System. The Broker/Bank Custodian can combine the shares and submit in one transaction. (Do NOT add securities held by investor in certificate form.)

49. Frequently Asked Questions • Can a registered owner’s Broker/Bank Custodian request that their DRS shares move to a DRIP Plan through the "Profile" System? • No, the registered owner must contact the Transfer Agent and complete the required Dividend Reinvestment Plan enrollment forms.

50. Frequently Asked Questions • Can fractional shares transfer out of a registered owners DRS/Dividend Reinvestment Plan to the Broker or Custodian if added to the "Profile" System? • No, currently it is not possible to add fractional shares to the "Profile" System or transfer those shares.