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Kingdom Animalia: Phylum Arthropoda (Subphyllum Chelicerata and Crustacea)

Kingdom Animalia: Phylum Arthropoda (Subphyllum Chelicerata and Crustacea). Ecdyzoa group: Nematoda and Arthropoda Nematods are pseudocoelomates and have no segmentation Arthropods are coelomates and have segmented bodies. Phylum Arthropoda: jointed appendages.

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Kingdom Animalia: Phylum Arthropoda (Subphyllum Chelicerata and Crustacea)

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  1. Kingdom Animalia:Phylum Arthropoda (Subphyllum Chelicerataand Crustacea)

  2. Ecdyzoa group: Nematoda and Arthropoda Nematods are pseudocoelomates and have no segmentation Arthropods are coelomates and have segmented bodies

  3. Phylum Arthropoda: jointed appendages Abundance: There are about a billion billion arthropods Diversity: 2/3 species is an arthropod

  4. Arthropods secrete to success Exoskeleton (cuticle with chitin and hardened by protein matrix) structural support, protection, prevention from water loss levers for muscle attachment and movement joints (areas where cuticle is thin) provide flexibility Need to molt allowed for: Metamorphosis radical change in form between larva and adult

  5. Arthropods secrete to success Segmented body with appendages Segments fused and Appendages became specialized (division of labor)

  6. Limitations of being an arthropod

  7. Phylum Arthropoda: arthropods Subphylum Myriapoda: millipedes and centipedes Subphylum Chelicerata: spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, horseshoe crabs Subphylum Crustacea: Crayfish, crabs, shrimps, barnacle, roly-poly Subphylum Hexapoda: insects and relatives

  8. Subphylum Chelicerata: arthropods with claws Body divided in 2 regions: Cephalothorax (sensory, feeding, locomotor) abdomen (visceral functions) 1stpair of appendages are chelicerae (feed/defense) 2ndpair are pedipalps(sensory) Lack mandibles and antennae Most suck liquid food from prey

  9. Class Merostomata: Horseshoe crabs - Marine in shallow waters, come to shore to mate - Feed on worms and mollusks - Unchanged for 250 million years - Unsegmented carapace covers body - Cephalothorax: 5 pairs of walking legs and 1 pair of chelicerae - Abdomen bears six pairs of thin appendages - Carapace has 2 compound and 2 simple eyes

  10. Why this crab's blood could save your life http://www.cnn.com/2014/09/04/health/this-crabs-blood-could-save-your-life/ Horseshoe crab blood can detect and trap bacterial toxins Its blood is harvested for a test to ensure medical products are not contaminated. 45 minutes of exposure to the crab's blood is enough to reveal bacteria contamination which otherwise avoid detection It is sensitive enough to isolate a threat the equivalent size of a grain of sand in a swimming pool. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires that intravenous drugs and any medical equipment coming in contact with the body must first pass through the crab's blood, from needles to surgical implants including pacemakers. As a result, thousands more of us survive such procedures. Up to 600,000 crabs are captured each year for their blood Between 10-30% of donor crabs die in the process

  11. Class Arachnida: Spiders, scorpions, ticks and others • Cephalothorax: a pair of chelicerae, a pair of pedipalps, and 4 pairs of walking legs • In spiders abdomen spinning glands • Most are predators and have claws, fangs, poison glands, or stingers • Pedipalps of males are modified for sperm transfer • Most harmless to humans and provide essential control of injurious insects • Ticks may carry human diseases (Lyme disease)

  12. Kingdom Animalia: Phylum Arthropoda (Subphylum Crustacea)

  13. Subphylum Crustacea: crustaceans Body divided in 2 regions: Cephalothorax (sensory, feeding, locomotion) has 2 pairs of antennae Abdomen with swimmerets and uropod (swimming, reproduction and breathing)

  14. Crayfish dissection: External anatomy

  15. Crayfish dissection: Internal anatomy Labeled structures include one of the two green glands (1) that function in osmoregulation and excretion, one of the compound eyes (2), the digestive gland (3), one of the two sets of mandibular muscles (4) that control the mandibles, the gills (5), a portion of the abdominal extensor muscle (6), a portion of the fifth walking leg (7) and one of the third maxillipeds (8).

  16. Crayfish dissection: Internal anatomy

  17. Class Maxillopoda: barnacles and copepods • Copepods are small in size and lack abdominal appendages • Main component of zooplankton • ½ species are parasites of other marine animals • Most feed with their maxillae but barnacles use their legs for filter feeding

  18. Class Malacostraca: Crayfish, lobsters, crabs , shrimp , krill and pill bugs Marine, freshwater and land Most species are scavengers, although some, are filter feeders (porcelain crab) are carnivores (mantis shrimp) are parasites (isopods) Note that in crabs the abdomen is folded under cephalothorax

  19. Phylum Arthropoda: arthropods Subphylum Myriapoda: millipedes and centipedes Subphylum Chelicerata: spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites Subphylum Crustacea: Crayfish, crabs, shrimps, barnacle, roly-poly Subphylum Hexapoda: insects and relatives

  20. Subphylum Myriapoda: Body divided in 2 regions: Head and trunk One pair of antenna

  21. Subphylum Myriapoda: Class Chilopoda: centipedes Have flattened bodies with up to 177 segments Each segment bears ONE PAIR of jointed legs appendages of first body segment form poison claws Predators, most harmless to humans

  22. Subphylum Myriapoda: Class Diplopoda: millipedes - Less active than centipedes Walk with graceful rather than wriggling motion - Scavengers: most eat decayed plants but a few eat living plant tissue - Cylindrical bodies with 25 to more than 100 segments Most segments have two pairs of legs

  23. Subphylum Hexapoda: Body divided in 3 regions: Head, thorax and abdomen 3 pairs of legs Class Insecta:

  24. INSECTS WITH Incomplete metamorphosis AND chewing mouthparts Order Orthoptera Grasshoppers , crickets, 2 pairs of wings (forewings are leathery) jumping hind legs Order Odonata Dragonflies and damselfies 2 pairs of wings with primitive venation

  25. Insects with INCOMPLETE METAMORPHOSIS AND piercing-sucking mouthparts Order Heteroptera (Hemiptera) True bugs 2 pairs of wings (forewings are half hard)

  26. Insects with COMPLETE METAMORPHOSIS WITH SIPHONING MOUTHPARTS Order Lepidoptera Butterflies and moths 2 pairs of wings with scales

  27. Insects with COMPLETE METAMORPHOSIS WITH REDUCED HIND WINGS Order Diptera Flies Sponging mouthparts Maggot therapy Mosquitoes Piercing sucking mouthparts

  28. COMPLETE METAMORPHOSIS WITH CHEWING MOUTHPARTS Order Coleoptera BEETLES 2 pairs of wings Forewings hardened (elytra), Order Hymenoptera ANTS, BEES, WASPS 2 pairs of membranous wings Abdomen with a waist

  29. Grasshopper: external anatomy

  30. Grasshopper: internal anatomy

  31. Insects for food and as food

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