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Ch. 1 - Matter

Ch. 1 - Matter. II. Classification of Matter (p.15-17, 397-398) Matter Flowchart Pure Substances Mixtures. MIXTURE. PURE SUBSTANCE. yes. no. yes. no. Is the composition uniform?. Can it be chemically decomposed?. Colloids. Suspensions. A. Matter Flowchart. MATTER. yes. no.

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Ch. 1 - Matter

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  1. Ch. 1 - Matter II. Classification of Matter (p.15-17, 397-398) Matter Flowchart Pure Substances Mixtures

  2. MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE yes no yes no Is the composition uniform? Can it be chemically decomposed? Colloids Suspensions A. Matter Flowchart MATTER yes no Can it be physically separated? Homogeneous Mixture (solution) Heterogeneous Mixture Compound Element

  3. A. Matter Flowchart • Examples: • graphite • pepper • sugar (sucrose) • paint • soda element hetero. mixture compound hetero. mixture solution

  4. B. Pure Substances • Element • composed of identical atoms • EX: copper wire, aluminum foil

  5. B. Pure Substances • Compound • composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio • properties differ from those of individual elements • EX: table salt (NaCl)

  6. B. Pure Substances • Law of Definite Composition • A given compound always contains the same, fixed ratio of elements. • Law of Multiple Proportions • Elements can combine in different ratios to form different compounds.

  7. B. Pure Substances • For example… Two different compounds, each has a definite composition.

  8. C. Mixtures • Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances. Heterogeneous Homogeneous

  9. Tyndall Effect C. Mixtures • Solution • homogeneous • very small particles • no Tyndall effect • particles don’t settle • EX: rubbing alcohol

  10. C. Mixtures • Colloid • heterogeneous • medium-sized particles • Tyndall effect • particles don’t settle • EX: milk

  11. C. Mixtures • Suspension • heterogeneous • large particles • Tyndall effect • particles settle • EX: fresh-squeezed lemonade

  12. C. Mixtures • Examples: • mayonnaise • muddy water • fog • saltwater • Italian salad dressing colloid suspension colloid solution suspension

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