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Differential Reinforcement

Differential Reinforcement. Differential Reinforcement. Reinforcing a more appropriate behavior that the teachers or parents wish a child to learn, instead of exhibiting the inappropriate behavior.

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Differential Reinforcement

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  1. Differential Reinforcement

  2. Differential Reinforcement • Reinforcing a more appropriate behavior that the teachers or parents wish a child to learn, instead of exhibiting the inappropriate behavior. • 1:1 principle – a behavior that is being reduced should be replaced with a functionally similar, yet acceptable, response

  3. Identifying replacement behaviors • What can the child do instead of what s/he has been doing that serves the same function? • Also needs to be operationally defined • Dead man’s rule: if a dead man can do it, it’s not behavior! • Good replacement behavior: “taps person on the shoulder instead of hitting” • Bad replacement behavior: “sits quietly and waits” (can’t get attention that way…hitting works much better!)

  4. Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior (DRO) • “DR-Zero” • Resetting • Nonresetting

  5. Using DRO Effectively • Use a powerful reinforcer • Schedule carefully • Take baseline on how often the behavior occurs – Inter-response time • Do not reinforce occurrences of the behavior

  6. Differential Reinforcement of Alternative/Incompatible Behaviors (DRA/DRI): • Reinforcing a more appropriate behavior that the teachers or parents wish a child to learn, instead of exhibiting the inappropriate behavior. • 1:1 principle – a behavior that is being reduced should be replaced with a functionally similar, yet acceptable, response

  7. Differential Reinforcement of Alternative/Incompatible Behaviors (DRA/DRI): • Most common DRA: Functional Communication Training • Don’t worry about structure so much in the beginning • Make it something universally understood and easy to acquire • Refine responding over time Example:Reinforcing a child’s use of an alternative communication system rather than a child’s tantruming when making requests.

  8. Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates of Behavior (DRL) • Goal is reduction and not elimination • Baseline responding should serve as initial DRL • Reinforcement must be powerful • Must increase judiciously • Time based • Response based

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