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VR - The Historical Context Part 1

VR - The Historical Context Part 1. Rudy Darken & Michael Zyda Naval Postgraduate School { Darken, Zyda }@cs.nps.navy.mil. Overview. Sensorama Ivan Sutherland University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill MIT NASA Ames Research Center VPL Others. Stereo Imagery. Sensorama.

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VR - The Historical Context Part 1

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  1. VR - The Historical ContextPart 1 Rudy Darken & Michael Zyda Naval Postgraduate School { Darken, Zyda }@cs.nps.navy.mil

  2. Overview • Sensorama • Ivan Sutherland • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill • MIT • NASA Ames Research Center • VPL • Others...

  3. Stereo Imagery

  4. Sensorama • Morton L. Heilig • An early attempt (1958 or 1962) to build a full sensory experience

  5. Ivan Sutherland • The First Head-Mounted Display • Developed at Harvard in the 1960’s • Consisted of 2 miniature CRT’s mounted at the side of the user’s head plus an optics system.

  6. Ivan Sutherland • Sutherland also developed early head tracking technology - one system based on ultrasound and another based on a mechanical linkage attached to the user’s head.

  7. MIT “Put That There” (1983) • A voice recognition, and hand gesture-based (with Polhemus) large screen command room. • ACM SIGGRAPH Video Review Vol. 13, Entry 4.

  8. MIT “The Aspen Movie Map” (1983) • A videodisk of the town of Aspen, Colorado was constructed • The videodisk allowed the user to walk around the town and make decisions at intersections as to which way to go. Some buildings could be entered.

  9. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill • Walkthrough • Pixelplanes/PixelFlow • Force Feedback, Nanomanipulator • Optical ceiling tracker

  10. UNC Walkthrough - Fred Brooks • UNC’s usage of the term virtual world dates from about 1986 and the 1986 Workshop on Interactive 3D Graphics put on by UNC. • One of the papers that Brooks presented at that conference is one on their first cut at a walkthrough system.

  11. UNC Walkthrough - Fred Brooks • The goal of that work was to build an architectural model of their new building in sufficient detail that the model could be used for planning/redesign purposes. • The 3D model constructed was then used as a testbed for the study of how one could program an algorithm in software that could minimize the polygon flow through the slow graphics pipeline then available to them.

  12. UNC Walkthrough - Fred Brooks • The early system ran about 1 frame per second but the paper Brooks generated for that symposium raised a lot of interesting questions and pointed a number of people in the right direction for the VW work to come.

  13. UNC Hardware Efforts • PixelPlanes-4 (1989) • 25,000 polys/second • PixelPlanes-5 (1991) • 1M polys/second • PixelFlow (1997) • 100M polys/second

  14. PixelFlow - Renderers & Compositors

  15. PixelFlow Overview

  16. PixelFlow Pics

  17. UNC Nanomanipulator • Nanomanipulator

  18. UNC Tracking Project

  19. ACM SIGGRAPH Video Review 43, 1989, Entry 11: UNC Computer Graphics Sampler ’89 - Fuchs/UNC. ACM SIGGRAPH Video Review 51, 1989, Entry 25: The Virtual Lobby - John Rohlf/UNC. Note: This video is a repeat of the material in Video 43/Entry 11 above. ACM SIGGRAPH Video Review 62, 1990, Entry 19: Artificial Reality at UNC Chapel Hill - Warren Robinett/UNC. ACM SIGGRAPH Virtual Reality Applications Gallery, Jury Reel ’91. UNC Video Selections

  20. ACM SIGGRAPH Video Review 96, 1993, Entry 6: The Nanomanipulator. SIGGRAPH 97? UNC Video Selections

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