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Anti- Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk by Sadia Sarwar

Department of Microbiology Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan. Anti- Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk by Sadia Sarwar.

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Anti- Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity of Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk by Sadia Sarwar

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  1. Department of Microbiology Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan Anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity of Eclipta alba (L.) HasskbySadia Sarwar

  2. Despite the advancement of technology, development of many new strategies of drug discovery and control and treatment of many diseases, complete cure from some is not a reality Tuberculosis brings about 3million/year deaths, about one third of world, s population is infected with Mycobacterium South East Asia is among the most adversely affected areas by TB . Pakistan among 22 countries contributing to 80% cases No effective new drug has been developed against Mycobacterium since 1960s Multiple Drug Resistance (MDR) major obstacle The need to explore new sources is thus obvious Introduction

  3. The use of natural products to cure a popular and accepted practice The reliance of about 80% of population worldwide on plants contribute to cure 87% of human diseases More than 79% drugs approved or became commercially available in USA during 1982 to 2002 had natural product origin (Chin et al., 2006). 1st decade of 21st century new drugs launched to the market have natural product origin. Many plant preparations used in folk medicines have been effective against TB (Cruz et al.,2005) Introduction

  4. (Balunas and Kinghorn, 2005). Natural products as Drugs Natural product Novel active structure New Drug New leads New bioactive chemical structures

  5. There is a link between drugs discovered from plants and their ethno botanical use in 80% of the cases (Fabricant and Farnsworth, 2001). The folk and traditional medicinal uses of Eclipta alba as an anti-bacterial agentsuggested its anti-TB potential (Kosuge et al., 1985; Wiart et al., 2004). The presented work was aimed at justification of this traditional use Objective/Aim/Hypothesis

  6. Test Organism ,Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis , etiological agent, is an ideal model in any drug discovery program against TB A virulent strain H37RV(ATCC 27294) was used because of its drug susceptibility profile which represents the profile of typical clinical isolates Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RV is handled in bio-safety Lab 3(BL-3) and people working in lab must wear respirator and protection gear. Methodology

  7. MABA is a reliable and most widely used assay in dug discovery programs Definitely considered standard. Assay is conducted in a 96-well microplates.This assay gives visual results ( Franzblau et al., 1998) Anti-TB in vitro bioassayMicroplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA)

  8. Extraction Methodology of Phytchemical analysis Plant material Shade Dried Milled EtOH MeOH Hexane EtOAc Crude extract

  9. Vacuum Liquid Chromatography Name given by Targett , developed by AustrlianChemists who were not satisfied with classical column chromatography (Targett et al., 1979) The universal availability, simplicity of operation, less time requirements, less amount of adsorbent and solvent makes this method ideal VLC can be used as only separation step but mostly used before other steps including MPLC, and HPLC.(Coll et al.,1986; O.Stitcher). Isolation

  10. Solvent scheme used for VLC column Non Polar region Polar region

  11. Thin Layer Chromatography

  12. Results

  13. MIC values of crude extract and fractions of Eclipta alba

  14. Zingiber officinale showed that more lipophilic or low polarity compounds tend to be more active (Hiserodt et al., 1998). Chrysanthemum flowers belonging to Asteraceae against H37RV was also reported by Akihisa et al. (2005) Isolated anti-TB compounds included linoleic acid, E-phytol and ergosterol-5, 8-endoperoxide from non-polar fraction of Dracaena angustifolia ( Case et al., 2007) The possible reason is the diffusion as the lipophilic or hydrophobic compounds are capable of diffusing through the lipid rich cell wall of mycobacteria while very polar compounds are unable to diffuse through the outer lipophilic layers of mycobacterium (Miller et al., 2006).

  15. Eclipta alba has anti-TB potential and the folk use of stem as antitubercular remedy is justified in this work. It is better to use low polarity fractions Single plant extract with multiple constituents are used in many parts of the world as poultics, teas or even as capsules and tablets (Cordell, 2000). Conclusions

  16. Ethnobotanical approach can be effectively used in drug discovery efforts Anti-TB activity basedphytochemical analysis should be pursued in the hope to isolate single and more potent compounds more effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Future Recommendations

  17. ITR (Institue of Tuberculosis Research Shaonong Chen HEC Acknowledgements

  18. Thank u all

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