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Mass Migration

Explore the multifaceted dimensions and composition of mass migration in Israel, focusing on the historical context, absorption policies, and social impacts. Delve into the economic challenges, demographic interests, and political implications of this phenomenon, including the struggle to integrate diverse immigrant populations and the societal rifts between old-timers and newcomers. Understand the shift in population dynamics, survival strategies, and the lingering effects of past traumas like the Holocaust. Examine how mass migration has shaped Israeli society, sparked political conflicts, and led to ethnic radicalization, ultimately influencing the trajectory of the nation.

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Mass Migration

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  1. Mass Migration Social and Economic Challenge

  2. Dimensions and Composition

  3. Mass Immigration Policy • Demographic interest • +The long awaited open gates • +The Pro-Israel Jewish consensus • +The active Holocaust Survivors • +The destruction of European Jewry • +The Muslim countries new reservoir • Israeli active Initiative

  4. Absorption Policy - A • Circumstances and Consequences 1948-9: • War Exhaustion during European immigration •  Recruiting survivors to the battle front • Abandoned Arab villages and cities •  settlement of immigrants in former Arab neighborhoods

  5. Absorption Policy - B • Circumstances and Consequences 1949-1952 • Economic crisis • Immigrants without means • No employment or housing • Temporary sheltering poor conditions • Affecting mainly immigrants from Asia-Africa

  6. Absorption Policy C • “Melting Pot” and survival strategies • == a. To educate-modernize immigrants • == b. Cultural transformation of New Jews • == c. To settle the entire country • == d. Population distribution to peripheries • == e. To focus on the future and forget the past

  7. Social Implications • The gap between old-timers and new immigrants • Ethnic split: • =European (Ashkenazi) better off • =Asian-African (Mizrahi) worse and feeling neglected • Frustration of Holocaust survivors

  8. Political implications UN Resolution 194 December 1948 Clash with the Arab Refugees “Right of Return” Internal implications – ethnic radicalization (The Black Panther” and Wadi Salib Riots) On the longer run: Rebellion against Mapai rule

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