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Contributions of the Islamic Civilization

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Contributions of the Islamic Civilization

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    1. Contributions of the Islamic Civilization Chapter 10 Section 3

    3. House of Wisdom

    4. House of Wisdom Located in Baghdad. Caliph Ma’mum founded the House in 830 CE. Was a research center which specialized in the translation into Arabic of Greek, Persian, and Indian scientific texts. House sparked achievements in science and maths.

    5. Maths and Science Scientific observations. Maths solutions to old problems. Place-value system – adapted numerals from India and created Arabic numerals. Improved and expanded algebra. Astronomy – built observatories, made observations of the sky, accurately described the solar system, improved the astrolabe.

    6. Al- Khwarizmi

    7. Astrolabe

    8. Geography Using astrolabe geographers measured the size and circumference of the earth. Concluded the earth was round. Determined basic outlines of Asia, Europe, and North Africa. Produced the first accurate maps of the eastern hemisphere.8

    9. Chemistry and Medicine Developed alchemy. Al-Razi – was a renowned chemist and physican, classified chemical substances as animal, vegetable, and mineral, produced a medical encyclopedia and a handbook identifying differences between smallpox and measles. Ibn Sina – produced Cannon of Medicine Ibn Al-Haythan – founder of Optics

    11. Art and Architecture Calligraphy – used to decorate mosques and other public buildings with passages from the Koran. - Developed because Muslim scholars discouraged artists from making images or pictures of living creatures. Mosques Arabesques

    12. Calligraphy

    13. Mosques

    14. Art and Literature Kalila and Dimna 1000 and One Arabian Nights

    15. Kalila and Dimna

    16. 1000 and One Nights

    17. Philosophy and History Muslim philosophers tried to reconcile the Koran with Greek philosophy. Ibn Rush – considered to be one of the Muslim worlds greatest philosophers. Moses Maimonides – Jewish but lived and influenced the Muslim world. Al-Tabari – chronicler Ibn Khaldun - historian

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