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Chapter 19

Chapter 19. Oxidative Phosphorylation Part 2. Oxidative Phosphorylation Part 2. Key Topics: To Know How cells deal with reactive oxygen species (ROS). Calculating Δ G o ’ of the Proton Motive Force. Membrane ATPase and how it works. Cytoplasmic NADH getting into the mitochondria.

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Chapter 19

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  1. Chapter 19 Oxidative Phosphorylation Part 2

  2. Oxidative Phosphorylation Part 2 • Key Topics: To Know • How cells deal with reactive oxygen species (ROS). • Calculating ΔGo’ of the Proton Motive Force. • Membrane ATPase and how it works. • Cytoplasmic NADH getting into the mitochondria. • Adenylate Control. • Mitochondia and apoptosis. • PMF can be used to ?

  3. ROS : Reactive Oxygen Species

  4. ΔG of the Proton Motive Force

  5. Nobel Prize for Chemiosmotic Model = PMF

  6. Converting PMF to ATP

  7. Mitochondrial Respiration+Phosphorylation EOC Problem 9: Compartmentalization of Citric Acid Cycle.

  8. Adjusting the pH Generates ATP

  9. Molecules that Collapse the PMF

  10. DNP is an Uncoupler EOC Problem 6: Figuring out what happens with uncouplers.

  11. Odorous Flowers that Heat Up Using Uncoupled Respiration

  12. Worked out F1 ATPase kinetic mechanism + First purified the FoF1 ATPase

  13. ATP Synthase

  14. ATP Synthase Catalyzes by Steps

  15. F1 Fo ATP synthase

  16. F1 Complex

  17. Used to Inhibit ATP Synthase Reaction

  18. F1 ATPase Spinning

  19. ATP Synthase Seen Rotating !

  20. ATP Synthase Substrate Transport ADP and Pi are products of Anabolism EOC Problem 11 is the effect of ADP and Pi on ATP Synthesis. Get Ready, NADH formed in Cytoplasm in Next

  21. Glycolysis NADH Enters the Mitochondria by the Malate Aspartate Shuttle

  22. NADH from Glycolysis Can Also Get in by Glycerol Phosphate DH Also has a Anabolic Role

  23. EOC Problems 13 and 14: Get in to the Pasteur Effect and “Petites” in Yeast Colonies. Fun stuff.

  24. Adenylate Control of Glycolysis/CAC/e-transport • Acceptor Control: availability of ADP + Pi • Mass action ratio: [ATP]/([ADP] [Pi]) • EOC Problem 17 Gets into the rate of ATP turnover in heart muscle…the muscle that always has to be “on”. • EOC Problem 18 Gets into the same in insect flight muscle.

  25. Inhibitory Protein IF1 Stops Loss of ATP During Ischemia that is Hypoxia IF (red and white) forms dimers at pH 6.5 to Stop Rotation of ATP Synthase

  26. Thermogenin – Protein Uncoupler in Brown Fat

  27. Mitochondria in Adrenal Gland: P-450 Oxygenases Specialized for Steroid Synthesis

  28. Electron Flow to P-450

  29. Apoptosis is Regulated by the Mitochondria Stress, Damage EOC Problem 19: relates mitochondrial function to cancer. Hint think about the first couple of slides. Initiates a series of proteasess

  30. Escherichia coli Electron Transport

  31. Bacterial Quinone

  32. Bacteria Use the PMF to Rotate Their Flagella

  33. Proton Motive Force Functions To • Synthesize ATP (from ADP + Pi). • Active Transport (Symports, Antiports, Uniports; review Chapter 11). • Rotate Bacterial Flagella. • Reversed Electron Transport (some Photosynthetic and Chemoautotrophic Bacteria)

  34. Things to Know and Do Before Class • How cells deal with reactive oxygen species (ROS). • Calculating ΔGo’ of the Proton Motive Force. • Membrane ATPase and how it works. • Cytoplasmic NADH getting into the mitochondria. • 5. Adenylate Control. • Mitochondria and apoptosis. • 7. PMF can be used to ? • 8. EOC Problems: 6, 9, 11,13,14, 17, 18, 19.

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