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Renaissance Art

Renaissance Art. Departure from the Medieval--a new emphasis on sensual, worldly existence… but the medieval world doesn’t simply vanish overnight. Renaissance Humanism. Patronage? Why was it important in the success of Renaissance art?

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Renaissance Art

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  1. Renaissance Art Departure from the Medieval--a new emphasis on sensual, worldly existence… but the medieval world doesn’t simply vanish overnight.

  2. Renaissance Humanism • Patronage? Why was it important in the success of Renaissance art? • 2-sentence “essay” defining humanism (in Making of the West, pp 450-451) • “Civic Humanism”?

  3. “The Renaissance had its medieval roots in vernacular literature like...” • Dante Alighieri’s (1265-1321) Divine Comedy (1313-1321) • (Inferno, Purgatory, Paradise) • Written in Florentine dialect (vernacular) • A Christian tale, heavily influenced by Greek and Roman classical allusions.

  4. Classical (Areté, Virtus): Moderation, Wisdom, Courage, Justice “Man is the Measure of all Things!” (Protagoras) Medieval “Christian” Virtues Seven Christian Virtues and Vices Values and Virtues: Classical and Medieval See page 135 of your Reader

  5. Style Subject Art as a historical source

  6. Medieval Art • Emphasis on salvation and a glorious afterlife drowns out most other concerns. • Medieval Christians viewed this earthly life and the human body as tainted by sin and corruption. • Medieval artists focused on the soul, not the body. Nude was shameful and usually seen in a negative light (sinners were nude) • Christendom emphasized the community over the individual. Artists were craftsmen working for guilds, not individuals expressing themselves. • Artists didn’t sign their work—pride was a mortal sin • Art served the needs of the church as a form of education—some might say propaganda!

  7. Illuminated Manuscript:“The Book of Kells” (760-820)

  8. Icons: Berlinghiero’s “Madonna and Child” (early 12th century)

  9. Mosaic: Justinian and Attendants c. 547

  10. Gothic ChurchesCologne Cathedral

  11. Gothic Sculpture“Teaching Christ” 13th Century Chartres Cathedral…

  12. Giotto di Bondone: “Noli me Tangere” 1305

  13. Renaissance Foci: • Humanism • Civic Humanism • Individual virtú • Importance of this world as well as the next world. • Patronage is necessary for these beautiful works of art, so wealth can’t be all bad… • What were the subjects of a Humanist education (Liberal Studies)?

  14. Renaissance Art • Rediscovery of art and literature of Greece and Rome. • The study of God and the Christian Gospels was augmented (not replaced!) by the study of human experience and life on earth. Not only Christian virtues, but also Classical virtues! • Informed by expansion of scientific knowledge of anatomy and perspective. • Lifelike—no longer supernatural, but natural subjects and styles. • Prestige of artists soared and we have our first great art “superstars”. Michelangelo was called “Divine”.

  15. Donatello“David”c 1430-32

  16. Botticelli: “Birth of Venus” 1482

  17. Van Eyck: “Arnolfini Wedding” 1434

  18. Hans Holbein the Younger “The French Ambassadors” 1533

  19. Leonardo Da Vinci Mona Lisa 1503-6

  20. Da Vinci: “in the womb”c. 1510

  21. Da Vinci: Study for “The Adoration of the Magi” (c. 1481)

  22. Da Vinci: The Last Supper (c.1495)

  23. Michelangelo: “The Divine” • Elevated the status of the artist

  24. Pieta(1498-1500)

  25. David (1501-1504) • How does it reflect Renaissance Virtues?

  26. MichelangeloSistine Chapel“The Last Judgment”1541

  27. Creation of Adam

  28. Sistine Chapel“Libyan Sibyl”

  29. Review • What are the classical virtues? • Provide and example of how one work of art reflects humanism? • Provide an example of how art reflected Civic Humanism? • What are four techniques that Renaissance era artists used?

  30. Raphael (1483-1520): “School of Athens” 1510-1511

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