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Consists of the following organs 2 testes2 Epidimides2 Deferent ducts (vas deferens)2 Spermatic cords2 Seminal vesicles2 Ejaculatory ducts1 Prostate gland1 Penis . The Penis. The parts Root in the perineumBody surrounds the urethraStructure Formed by three cylindrical masses of erect
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1. The male reproductive system
2. Consists of the following organs
2 testes
2 Epidimides
2 Deferent ducts (vas deferens)
2 Spermatic cords
2 Seminal vesicles
2 Ejaculatory ducts
1 Prostate gland
1 Penis
3. The Penis The parts
Root in the perineum
Body surrounds the urethra
Structure
Formed by three cylindrical masses of erectile tissue and involuntary muscle
Supported by fibrous tissue
Covered by skin
Rich blood supply
The two lateral columns are called the corpora cavernosa
The column containing the urethra is called the corpus spongiosum
4. The corpus spongiosum expands at the tip into a trangular structure the glans penis
Just above the glans the skin is folded upon itself and forms a movable double layer the fore skin or prepuce
Blood Supply
Deep, dorsal and bulbar arteries of the penis branches of the internal pudendal arteries
Venous drainage
Internal pudendal and internal iliac arteries
5. Testes
Testes are reproductive glands of the male.
Situated in a sac called scrotum
The scrotum is in front of the upper parts of the thigh and behind the penis
Suspended in the scrotum by spermatic cords
Outer tunica vaginalis
Middle tunica albugenia fibrous
Inner tunica vasculosa
Convoluted loops composed of germinal epithelial cells called seminiferous tubules. Produce sperms
6. Between tubules groups of interstitial cells (of Leydig)
They secrete the hormone testosterone
At the upper pole of the testis the tubules combine to form a single tortuous tubule the epididymis
Epididymis continues as deferent duct (vas deferens) in the spermatic cord
7. The spermatic cords Two spermatic cords, one leading from each testis
Consist of
Testicular artery from abdominal aorta just below the renal artery
Testicular venous plexus passes into the abdomen left vein opens into the left renal vein, and the right into the IVC
Lymph vessels drain into the paraaortic nodes
Deferent duct (vas deferens) 45 cm goes through inguinal canal ascends towards the posterior wall of the bladder there joined by duct from the seminal vesicle ? ejaculatory duct
nerves
8. They suspend the testes in the scrotum
The spermatic cord passes through the inguinal canal
Nerves from D10, D11
10. Epididymis
collects sperms from the testes
Situated posterolateral to the testis
Has a head and body
Continues as vas deferens
Vas deferens
A tubular structure which transmits the sperms to the prostatic urethra
11. Travels through the inguinal canal and reaches behind the urinary bladder and is joined by the duct of the seminal vesicle.
After the junction it is called the ejaculatory duct
Ejaculatory duct opens into the prostatic duct
Family planning operation - the vas deferens is cut in the scrotum - vasectomy
12. Ejaculatory Ducts
Two tubes formed by the union of the duct from a seminal vesicle and a deferent duct
Pass through the prostate gland
Join the prostatic urethra
Carry seminal fluid and spermatozoa to the urethra
13. Seminal vesicles
Fibromuscular pouches lined with columnar epithelium
Lie on the posterior aspect of the bladder
Lower end : a duct ? joins vas deferens and forms an ejaculatory duct
Ejaculatory ducts pass through prostatic urethra carrying seminal fluid and spermatozoa to the urethra
The seminal vesicles secrete and expel a viscous fluid that helps to keep the spermatozoa alive
14. Male Urethra A tubular structure which conducts urine from the bladder to the exterior at the external urinary meatus at the tip of the penis
In male it is a common pathway for the flow of urine and semen
Parts
Internal urethral meatus
Prostatic urethra
Membranous urethra the shortest and narrowest from the prostate gland to the bulb of the penis, after passing through the perineal membrane
The penile urethra lies in the corpus spongiosum of the penis and terminates at the external urethral orifice in the glans penis
15. Two urethral sphincters
The internal sphincter smooth muscle at the neck of the bladder above the prostate gland
The external sphincter striated muscle fibres surrounding the membranous part
16. The Prostate Definition
It is a gland which is present in the male in the pelvic cavity
Situation
In front of the rectum and behind the symphysis pubis.
It surrounds the first part of the urethra
Structure
Outer fibrous covering
A layer smooth muscle
Glandular substance columnar epithelial cells
Prostatic fascia is a dense and tough membrane which completely invests the gland.- it is the areolar tissue of the pelvic fascia.
17. Applied anatomy
Most of the gland lies behind the urethra.
A midline groove posteriorly divides the gland descriptively into two lateral lobes. Groove felt PerRectally
Rectal wall can be made to slide over the prostate. In advanced cancer the groove is obliterated and the rectal wall becomes fixed to the prostate
Enlargement of the prostate may obstruct the urethra
Hypertrophy of the prostate is usually not a generalized hypertrophy of the whole gland, but the growth of an adenoma within it. The surrounding prostate becomes condensed around the adenoma. Prostatectomy shelling out the adenoma from the peripheral condensed prostatic tissue
Function
It secretes a thin lubricating fluid that passes into the urethra through numerous ducts
18. Blood Supply
Inferior vesical artery
branches of the
internal iliac artery
Middle rectal artery
Prostatic artery
19. Lymphatic drainage
To the internal iliac nodes
20. Penis
Root in the perineum
Body surrounds the urethra
Formed by three cylindrical masses of erectile tissue and involuntary muscle corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum containing urethra at the tip expanded into a triangular structure called the glans penis
The erectile tissue is supported by fibrous tissue and covered by skin
It has rich blood supply
21. Above the glans penis the skin is folded upon itself and forms a movable double layer the prepuce.
Arterial blood supply deep , dorsal and bulbar arteries of the penis branches of internal pudendal arteries.
Venous drainage to the internal pudendal and internal iliac veins
Nerve supply internal pudendal nerves, genitofemoral nerves both auronomic and somatic nerves parasympathetic stimulation leads to engorgement with blood and erection of the penis.
23. Urethra and penis