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Ultrasound Technology and Compressed Air Audits. Brief Overview of Ultrasound. Ultrasonic frequencies are high frequency signals that are above range of human hearing. Human hearing range is 20 Hz to 20 kHz Ultrasound instruments sense 20 kHz to 100 kHz
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Brief Overview of Ultrasound • Ultrasonic frequencies are high frequency signals that are above range of human hearing. • Human hearing range is 20 Hz to 20 kHz • Ultrasound instruments sense 20 kHz to 100 kHz • High frequencies have characteristics that work differently than low frequencies in the audible range.
SOUND PENETRATION • Low Frequency Wave • Vibrate Solid Surfaces • Large Objects Appear Transparent • High Frequency Wave • Short • Weak • Can not Penetrate Solid Objects MPEG SUPERSONIC FLYBY OF AN F14 SHOWING THE SOUND WAVE WITH A VAPOR CLOUD
How Do We Detect Ultrasound? Using a digital ultrasonic translator which provides: • Display Screens with test data including Decibel and Frequency read outs. • Software for data management • Sound recording ability and sound analysis software
How Do these Ultrasonic Translators Work? • The Ultrasound is detected and these sounds are then translated down into lower frequencies within the range of human hearing • They are heard through headphones • And observed as intensity increments on a meter or display panel.
Interchangeable Modules • Leaks Are Detected By: • Scanning Module • Stethoscope Module • Tone method • Specialized Methods May Be Considered: • Long Range Module Non Accessible Leaks • Liquid Leak Amplifier Laminar or “TINY” Leaks
Where Do Air Leaks Occur? Mechanical Seals Threaded Fittings Sealant Problems Gaskets Corrosion/Erosion Structure Penetrations
Considerations in Leak Detection • Turbulence • Orifice Shape • Fluid Characteristics: Viscosity & Molecular Wt. • Pressure Differentials • Distance From Leak • Competing Ultrasounds • Accessibility to Leak • Atmospheric Conditions
Conducting a Compressed Air Survey • Gather Data • Compressor Info • PSIG Operating data • Hours of Operation • Begin Survey at Compressor • Follow Air Lines to all Pieces of Equipment • Record dB Readings of Leaks • Take Photographs of Leaks
Generate a Cost Report • Place Recorded dB Readings in Analysis Software • Generate Report of dB Sound Level of Each Leak Converted to CFM with Associated kW Usage and Annual Cost of Leak
Place Pictures with Report • Place Photos of Each Leak Location that Numerically Matches the Cost Report
AIR LEAKS COST !!!!!! LEAK DIA AIR-LOSS LOSS/DAY LOSS/DAY LOSS/YR. CFM CU.FT/DAY $ $ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/64 .40 576 0.14 50.40 1/32 1.60 2,304 0.58 211.00 3/64 3.66 5,270 1.32 481.00 1/16 6.45 9,288 2.32 846.00 3/32 14.50 20,880 5.22 1,904.00 1/8 25.80 37,152 9.29 3,389.00 3/16 58.30 83,952 21.00 7,661.00 1/4 103.00 148,320 37.08 13,526.00 5/16 162.00 233,280 58.32 21,275.00 3/8 234.00 336,960 84.24 30,731.00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: Based on 100 PSI, $0.25 /mcf, 8760 hours / year
Conclusion • ULTRASOUND: • Versatile • Simple to use • Provides definitive data of air leaks • Supports other technologies • QUESTIONS??? THANK YOU