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Implementation of the sewage sludge Directive in Denmark and other countries

Implementation of the sewage sludge Directive in Denmark and other countries. Linda Bagge, the Danish Environmental Agency. Directive 86/278/EEC – the so-called Sewage Sludge Directive. The purpose regulate the use of sewage sludge in agriculture

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Implementation of the sewage sludge Directive in Denmark and other countries

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  1. Implementation of the sewage sludge Directive in Denmark and other countries Linda Bagge, the Danish Environmental Agency

  2. Directive 86/278/EEC – the so-called Sewage Sludge Directive • The purpose • regulate the use of sewage sludge in agriculture • regulate its use in such a way to prevent harmful effects on soil, vegetation, animal and man • the use of sewage sludge must not impair the quality of the soil and of agricultural products

  3. Directive 86/278/EEC – the so-called Sewage Sludge Directive (continued) • Regulations on the agricultural use of sludge: • types of sludge covered • Mandatory or preferred treatment methods • Limit values for heavy metal concentrations, pathogens and organic compounds • Maximum allowed quantities of sludge or specific elements (e.g. total phosphorus) to be applied annually • Surfaces on which the use of sludge is prohibited • Sludge and soil analysis and their frequency

  4. Legislation • The Sewage Sludge Directive • - inplemented into national legislation • - possible to have more stringent requirements • Additionally priovisions under the fertiliser law

  5. National targets for the use of sewage sludge

  6. Sludge disposal • Danish Sludge Disposal in Percentage. • Agriculture Incineration Landfill Mineralisation Other • 2002 ¨ 59 16 6 7 12 • 2005 43 4 <1 53 • 2011/12 70 % Agricultural purposes - Unofficial statistic from Danish org. for organic waste (BGORJ) . • Swedish Sludge Disposal in Percentage • Agricul. Soil Storage Landfill Other • 25 9 5 46 13 • 21 32 8 34 5 • Ref: Naturvårdsverket, Aktions för Återföring av fosfor ur avlopp, 2002

  7. Sludge disposal • Germany Sludge Disposal in Percentage. • Agriculture Incineration Landscaping Other • 2010 30 53 3 3 • Norvigian Sludge Disposal in Percentage • 2009 78 % Agricultural purposes. • Ref: Arne Haar, Conference 16-17 March 2011

  8. The ”regulatory” system in DK Analysis Declaration Contract Municipality Recieves a copy of the declaration and contract 8 days before delivery Analysis Declaration Contract Analysis Contract

  9. Hygienic requirements for application

  10. Limit values for heavy metals

  11. Limit values for organic substances

  12. Limits values for pathogens

  13. Criteria for soil quality

  14. Dosage limits for P and N

  15. Approach of setting limit values • No risk to environment and health • Danish soil contains low heavy metal concentrations • Denmark takes great concern in protection of the ground water • Danish limit values are based on the principle that heavy metals and organic pollutants should not accumulate in the soil or effect the environment negative • Predicted No Effect Concentration

  16. Approach of setting limit values (continued) • Assessment of Contaminants in Sewage Sludge 1995/96: • 120 substances/groups of substances and heavy metals were assessed • 4 substances were selected (LAS, PAH, NPE, DEHP) for further examination • Threshold values were developed for these 4 substances and implemented in the Danish Statutory Order on Waste for Agricultural purposes in 1997 (later the threshold values were changed into limit values) The conclusion: • No risk in using sewage sludge for agricultural purposes if the limit values were met

  17. Approach of setting limit values (continued) • Since 2000 increased number of studies on pollutants in sludge - But data is generally sparse - Norwegian Risk Assessment of Contaminants in Sewage Sludge applied on Norwegian Soil 2009 - Danish Risk evaluation of five groups of persistent organic contaminants in sewage sludge, 2012 Focus on new substances like nitro-musks, PFOS and pharmaceutricals So far the general conclusions have been that the risks are insignificant in sludge amended soils

  18. Approach of setting limit values (continued) • Risk reduction includes not only strict limit values: • - Treatment • - Limits to application • - Identification and assessment of new substances • - Source tracking of substances • - Monitoring programmes • - Phase-out of substances • - Source separation of waste wasters • - Quality standards

  19. Innovation partnership for use of phosphorus from wastewater and sewage sludge • Main activities: • Development of technology, including identification of need for further development of existing technologies and of new technologies • Market development, including assessing the market potential for existing direct phosphorus recycling and for alternative technologies. Identify barriers and promote the conditions for development of the market • Development of regulation, including feasibility study of setting goals for an increased recycling of phosphorus ressources from wastewater and sewage sludge. Identify regulatory barriers

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