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THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC MATERIAL ON THE Y CHROMOSOME AND ITS ROLE IN GENDER DETERMINATION

THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC MATERIAL ON THE Y CHROMOSOME AND ITS ROLE IN GENDER DETERMINATION. Sam Taylor and Lauren Russell Biology 101H Dr. Jean DeSaix Dr. Moriah Beck April 15, 2009. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nlOAnL9xI74. Sex Determination. Women are XX Men are XY

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THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC MATERIAL ON THE Y CHROMOSOME AND ITS ROLE IN GENDER DETERMINATION

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  1. THE EVOLUTION OF GENETIC MATERIAL ON THE Y CHROMOSOME AND ITS ROLE IN GENDER DETERMINATION Sam Taylor and Lauren RussellBiology 101HDr. Jean DeSaixDr. Moriah BeckApril 15, 2009

  2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nlOAnL9xI74

  3. Sex Determination • Women are XX • Men are XY • Primary vs. Secondary sex characteristics

  4. Evolution of Y chromosome

  5. Evolution of Y and SRY

  6. SRY AND SOX’S(SOX9 AND SOX3)

  7. SRY enables SOX9 expression

  8. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5yia5MmDXFw

  9. XX Male Sex Reversal Syndrome • Human genetic disorder characterized by male physical characteristics and XX chromosomal karyotype • In case study, tested to determine why self-identified male is infertile and has undescended testicles • Gel electrophoresis compared subject’s DNA with normal male and normal female DNA

  10. SRS Patient Normal Male

  11. XX Sex Reversal Syndrome Case Study Conclusion • This subject’s SRS syndromes caused by translocation of father’s SRY gene from Y to X chromosome during meiosis • Confirmed SRY is required for physical male characteristics to be expressed • Strengthened hypothesis that SRY silences SOX3 and enhances SOX9 on male X chromosomes

  12. Bibliography • Delbridge, M. L. & Marshall Graves, J. A. (1999). • Mammalian Y Chromosome Evolution and the male-specific functions of Y chromosome-borne genes. Journals of Reproduction and Fertility, 4(2), 101-109. • Waters, P. D., Wallis, M. C., & Marshall Graves, J. A. (2007). • Mammalian sex-Origin and evolution of the Y Chromosome and SRY. Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology, 18(3), 389-400. • Schartl, M. (2004). Sex Chromosome evolution in non-mammalian vertebrates. • Current Opinion in Genetics and Development, 14(6), 634-641. • Wang, T., Liu, J. H., Yang, J., Chen, J. & Ye, Z. Q.(2009). • XX Male Sex Reversal Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Genetic Basis. • First International Journal of Andrology: Andrologia, 41(1), 59-62. • Campbell, Neil A. and Reece, Jane B. (2008). Biology(Eighth Edition). New York, NY: Pearson Benjamin Cummings. Pearson Education. • secondary sex character. (2009). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved March 23, 2009, • from Encyclopædia Britannica Online: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/531812/secondary-sex-character

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