Bell Ringer:

1. Bell Ringer: • Using the song lyrics, answer the following 3 questions on a separate sheet of paper. 1. Using at least 3 vocab. words, describe how “This Land Is Your Land” represents America during the Great Depression. 2. Do you think this is an overall positive or negative song & why? 3. Can you apply this song to our society today? Why or why not?

2. SSUSH18 Evaluate Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal as a response to the Great Depression and compare how governmental programs aided those in need.

3. Bell Ringer • Describe each of these visuals. • What themes connect them? • Describe the setting in U.S. history which produced these images. • Compare the situation from which these images come & our current economically depressed United States.

4. a. Describe Roosevelt’s attempts at relief, recovery, & reform reflected in various New Deal programs.

5. Franklin D. Roosevelt: • 32nd President • In office from 1933-1945 (served 4 terms) • Believed it was the federal government’s responsibility to help Americans out of the Great Depression (New Deal) • Created an atmosphere of heavy governmental interaction in Americans lives

6. What was the New Deal? • A comprehensive series of social & economic programs enacted during the Great Depression by the FDR Administration that have become part of our everyday lives today.

7. First New Deal: • FDR’s first 100 days in office (15 bills were passed) • Three goals: 1. relief: provide immediate help 2. recovery: achieve long-term economic recovery 3. reform: improve upon the institutions to prevent future depressions

8. New Deal programs: • Bank holiday: 4 day break to allow banks to get their accounts in order • FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation: insured bank deposits up to $5,000 • AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Act): ended overproduction & raised crop prices • TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority): created jobs, built dams, controlled floods, & brought electricity to the South • CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps): provided jobs for more than 2 million men; replanted forests, built trails, dug ditches, & fought fires

10. New Deal Programs: • Public Works Administration (PWA): provided money to states for the construction of bridges, roads, and dams • Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA): granted federal money to state & local governments for operating soup kitchens & meeting the basic needs of the homeless • Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC): created to regulate the stock market; intent was to prevent another stock market crash

11. Impact of New Deal Programs: • Created significant government involvement in American’s lives that had not existed before • CCC, PWA, and TVA put thousands of unemployed Americans back to work • The bank closing and FDIC restored American’s faith in the financial institutions

12. b. Explain the passage of the Social Security Act as a part of the second New Deal • Addressed the problems faced by the elderly, the poor, & the unemployed • Created new public works projects • Helped the farmers & protected workers’ rights

13. Social Security Act • Passed in 1935 the Social Security Act provided : • retirement benefits • unemployment insurance • welfare payments to the needy • Provided insurance for victims of work-related accidents

14. Social Security Act: • Had many flaws: *did not apply to domesticfarmworkers (included many African Americans) *Women received smaller benefits than men

15. c. Analyze political challenges to Roosevelt’s leadership and New Deal programs. • Americans believed that under Roosevelt, the government had too much power • Thought that the government was running businesses, spending large sums of money, & creating an even larger national debt • Some believed he had not done enough to help the Great Depression end

16. Huey Long: • Roosevelt’s New Deal Programs had opponents including Huey Long, a Senator from Louisiana • Started “Share the Wealth” clubs believing that the government should take money from the rich and give it to the poor • Wanted to run for President • Was assassinated 1935

17. Court Packing • The Supreme Court had struck down several of Roosevelt’s programs declaring them unconstitutional • In an attempt to control the Supreme Court, Roosevelt sent Congress a bill which would allow him to increase the number of justices on the court • This would allow Roosevelt to appoint justices who were “friendly” towards his New Deal policies

18. Court Packing • After much protest by Congress and many Americans, the bill was killed in the Senate • Roosevelt over estimated his power

19. Eleanor Roosevelt: • Eleanor Roosevelt spoke to many women and African American groups and relayed their plight to the President • Changed the role of First Lady by her active participation in American politics • She was the eyes and ears for FDR.

20. Eleanor Roosevelt: • First President’s wife to hold a press conference, speak before a national convention, write a newspaper column • Helped convince Roosevelt to hire more women for government positions • Some credited her with changing black voters from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party.