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Errors and Uncertainty

Errors and Uncertainty. Click to start. A. 436g. B. 435.54g. C. 435.5g. 4.4 x 10 2 g. D. Question 1. Perform the indicated operation and give the answer to the appropriate accuracy. 451g – 15.46g. Wrong Answer!.

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Errors and Uncertainty

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  1. Errors and Uncertainty Click to start

  2. A 436g B 435.54g C 435.5g 4.4 x 102g D Question 1 Perform the indicated operation and give the answer to the appropriate accuracy. 451g – 15.46g

  3. Wrong Answer! 455.54 = 436 (when adding the final result should be reported to be the same number of decimal places as the number with the least number of decimal places. i.e. 451) Try Again

  4. A both random and systematic errors. B neither systematic nor random errors. C systematic errors. random errors D Question 2 Repeated measurements of a quantity can reduce the effects of

  5. Wrong Answer! Try Again

  6. A 7 B 6 C 5 4 D Question 3 A student recorded the volume of a gas as 0.0014020dm3. How many significant figures are there in this value?

  7. Wrong Answer! Zeros to the right of the decimal point and between non-zero numbers are significant. Try Again

  8. A 9.6 0.40C B 9.6 0.20C C 100C 9.6 0.10C D Question 4 A thermometer with an accuracy of 0.20C was used to record an initial temperature of 20.20C and a final temperature of 29.80C. The temperature was

  9. Wrong Answer! When adding or subtracting measurements, the absolute uncertainties are added. Try Again

  10. Using a magnifying glass to enlarge the meniscus in a burette. Using a larger amounts of an indicator during a titration. A B Adjusting an electronic balance to remove its zero error before weighing a chemical. Repeating a titration a number of times and calculating an average titre. C D Question 5 Which experimental technique reduces the systematic error in the investigation?

  11. Wrong Answer! A zero error is a systematic error. Try Again

  12. A P against V B P against 1/V C 1/P against 1/V No plot can produce a straight line D Question 6 The volume V, pressure P and temperature T and number of moles of an ideal gas are related by the ideal gas equation PV = nRT. If the relationship between pressure and volume at constant temperature of a fixed amount of gas is investigated experimentally, which one of the following plots would produce a linear graph?

  13. Wrong Answer! Try Again

  14. A B 2.000 2.000 2.002 2.001 2.002 2.001 2.012 2.013 2.012 2.014 2.014 2.013 C 1.993 1.987 2.002 2.000 1.983 1.993 2.011 1.999 2.001 1.989 1.995 1.999 D Question 7 An object of mass 2.000kg is placed on four different balances (A, B, C and D) and for each balance the reading is recorded five times. The table shows the values obtained with the averages. Which balance has the smallest systematic error but is imprecise? Balance 1 2 3 4 5 Average/kg

  15. Wrong Answer! A small systematic error occurs when all the readings are consistently higher or lower than true values. Imprecise readings implies there is a spread of readings about the true value. The spread for balance C is more than balance A. Try Again

  16. A 6.25cm3 0.4% B 6.25cm3 0.8% C 6.25cm3 0.04% 6.25cm3 0.08% D Question 8 What is the following measurement with the possible random uncertainty shown as a percentage instead of an absolute error: 6.25cm3 0.005cm3?

  17. Wrong Answer! Try Again

  18. A 0.07% B 7% C 0.7% 77% D Question 9 An experiment to determine the molar mass of solid hydrated iron(II)sulfate, FeSO4.5H2O gave a result of 258 gmol-1. What is the experimental error?

  19. Wrong Answer! Try Again

  20. A I, II, III B I, IV, VI C II, IV, V II, III, V D Question 10 When comparing systematic errors and random uncertainties during an investigation, the following pairs of properties of errors in an experimental measurement may be considered: • Error can possibly be removed. • Error cannot possibly be removed. • Error is of constant sign and size. • Error is of varying sign and size. • Error will be reduced by averaging repeated measurements. • Errorwill not be reduced by averaging repeated measurements. Which properties apply to random uncertainties?

  21. Wrong Answer! Systematic error : I, III, VI Random uncertainties : II, IV, V Try Again

  22. A 34.6cm and 34.0cn B 34.35cm and 34.25cm C 34.2cm and 34.4cm 35.3cm and 33.3cm D Question 11 What are the greatest and smallest possible values for the following length: 34.3 cm?

  23. Wrong Answer! There is an implied random uncertainty of +/- 0.05cm Try Again

  24. The measurements involve high accuracy and high precision. The measurements involve high accuracy and low precision. A B The measurements involve low accuracy and low precision. The measurements involve low accuracy and high precision. C D Question 12 The diagram shows a set of experimental data points, x, determined when one experimental measurement was repeated four times. The centre of the diagram represents the ideal value calculated from theory. What statement is correct about These measurements? x x x x

  25. Wrong Answer! Low in accuracy as they are far from the centre; but high in precision as they are closer together. Try Again

  26. A 0.333 gcm-3 B 0.3333 gcm-3 C 0.3 gcm-3 0.33 gcm-3 D Question 13 Perform the following density calculation to the correct number of significant figures:

  27. Wrong Answer! There are 3 signifiant figures, equal to the number of significant digits in each number. Try Again

  28. A 10-4 B 10-6 C 10-7 10-12 D Question 14 What is the percentage random uncertainty in a mass of pure water measured to the nearest microgram (µg) in a kilogram (kg)?

  29. Wrong Answer! 1 µg = 10-6 g = 10-6 x 10-3 kg = 10-9 kg ; Percentage random uncertainty = (10-9 kg / 1 kg) x 100% = 10-7 % Try Again

  30. A 300 kJmol-1 B 328 kJmol-1 C 330 kJmol-1 327.7 kJmol-1 D Question 15 An IB chemistry student records a series of precise measurements from which the student calculates the enthalpy of combustion of a hydrocarbon as 327.66kJmol-1 . The student estimates that the result is accurate to 3%. Which of the following gives the student’s result expressed to the appropriate number of significant figures?

  31. Wrong Answer! Value of error = 327.66 kJmol-1x0.03 = 9.83kJmol-1 = 10kJmol-1 (rounded to the same tens place as the error) Try Again

  32. Congratulations!

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