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Butanol as an alternative fuel for Diesel engines

Butanol as an alternative fuel for Diesel engines. : Ingemar Denbratt : Karin Munch : 2013-09-01 : 2016-09-01 : FFI : Chalmers, Perstorp AB, Scania CV, Statoil, Volvo GTT and Volvo Car : 3.725 MSEK. Supervisor Co-supervisor Project start Project end Programme Partners Budget.

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Butanol as an alternative fuel for Diesel engines

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  1. Butanol as an alternative fuel for Diesel engines : Ingemar Denbratt : Karin Munch :2013-09-01 : 2016-09-01 : FFI : Chalmers, Perstorp AB, Scania CV, Statoil, Volvo GTT and Volvo Car : 3.725 MSEK Supervisor Co-supervisor Project start Project end Programme Partners Budget TankaiZhang 2014-10-08

  2. Background Problems with using fossil fuels • Greenhouse warming • Non-renewable Policy issues • 25% biofuel in the European transportation fuel consumption shall be achieved by 2030 Butanol has excellent fuel properties • Sustainable production • Oxygen content • Acceptable heating value • Good miscibility in Diesel

  3. Fuel Mixtures Futureengines Existing engines (Partially premixed combustion) (Conventional combustion) All the mixtures are tested in both heavy duty engine and light duty engine.

  4. Goals Conventional combustion • More than 80% reduction of particles at constant NOx levels for conventional combustion systems • Clarification of how ignition improver influences the formation of emissions. Partially premixed combustion (PPC) • Show how PPC can be achieved with Butanol mixtures • Achieve gross indicated efficiency of 53% at loads higher than 10 bar BMEP in combination with emissions below Euro 6 levels without after treatment.

  5. Test bed with heavy duty engine • Operating conditions: A25, B50, C75 and B75 • Different mixtures are tested under sameengine settings at each operating condition.

  6. Fuel tests results from Statoil Diesel n-Bu10H n-Bu20H n-Bu10I n-Bu20I Cetane number are tested in Cooperative Fuel Research Engine.

  7. Cylinder pressure B75 B50 C75 A25 • Different mixtures have similar and stable cylinder pressure trends.

  8. Brake thermal efficiency Similar levels of brake thermal efficiency for various mixtures

  9. Normalized brake specific particulate matter emission PM emission decrease sharply when using more Butanol • Oxygen content • Lower C/H ratio • No Aromatics in HVO

  10. Brake specific NOx emission Euro5: 2,0 g/kWh NOx increase slightly when using more Butanol • Oxygen content may lead to higher local temperature Euro5: 2,0 g/kWh

  11. Summary • It is possible to adjust the CN of Butanol-Diesel blends with HVO or ignition improver. • With the same CN, Butanol/Diesel blends show similar combustion processes comparedto pure Diesel. • Particulate matter emission of Butanol / Octanol mixture are greatly reduced compared to pure Diesel and NOx can be kept at about the same level. • Ignition improver seems to increase the NOx emission. • Tests with using 20% n-Butanol, 40% HVO in the Diesel blend show that even production engines can use 60% renewable fuel.

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