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Basic Principles of Chemistry

Basic Principles of Chemistry. Unit 2: Chemical Reactions and Their Significance Lecture #11. Precipitation Reactions. A solid substance is formed in a solution where there was not solid previously. Solutions. SOLUTE dissolves in SOLVENT to form SOLUTION Solute is SOLUBLE in solvent.

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Basic Principles of Chemistry

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  1. Basic Principles of Chemistry Unit 2: Chemical Reactions and Their Significance Lecture #11

  2. Precipitation Reactions • A solid substance is formed in a solution where there was not solid previously

  3. Solutions • SOLUTE dissolves in SOLVENT to form SOLUTION • Solute is SOLUBLE in solvent

  4. How Substances Dissolve

  5. Solubility Rules (p. 200)

  6. Solubility Rules (p. 200)

  7. Predicting Precipitations AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq)  AgCl(?) + NaNO3(?)

  8. Predicting Precipitations AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq)  AgCl(?) + NaNO3(aq)

  9. Predicting Precipitations AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq)  AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)

  10. Molecular Equation AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq)  AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)

  11. Total Ionic Equation Ag+(aq) + NO3-(aq) + Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq)  AgCl(s) + Na+(aq) + NO3-(aq)

  12. Total Ionic Equation Ag+(aq) + NO3-(aq) + Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq)  AgCl(s) + Na+(aq) + NO3-(aq)

  13. Total Ionic Equation Ag+(aq) + NO3-(aq) + Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq)  AgCl(s) + Na+(aq) + NO3-(aq)

  14. Net Ionic Equation Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq)  AgCl(s)

  15. Inconvenient Precipitates

  16. Acid-Base Neutralization HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq)  H2O(l) + NaCl Acid + base  water + salt

  17. Acid-Base Neutralization HC2H3O2(aq) + NaHCO3(aq)  H2O(l) + NaC2H3O2(aq) + CO2(g)

  18. Net Ionic Equation H+(aq) + OH-(aq)  H2O(l)

  19. TUMS HCl(aq) + CaCO3(aq)  H2O(l) + CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g)

  20. Tooth Decay HC3H5O4(aq) + Ca5(PO4)3OH(s)  H2O(l) + Ca5(PO4)3C3H5O4(aq)

  21. Dissolving Scale CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq)  CaCl2 + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

  22. Oxidation-Reduction Al(s) + 6HCl(aq)  2AlCl3(aq) + 3H2(g)

  23. Combustion 2H2(g) + O2(g)  2H2O(g)

  24. General Categories

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