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Sarah Dryden-Peterson Doctoral Candidate, Harvard Graduate School of Education

Education in Displacement: Promoting Access, Building Systems Week 1: Background to Education in Displacement. Sarah Dryden-Peterson Doctoral Candidate, Harvard Graduate School of Education Research Associate, Refugee Law Project, Uganda. By Definition (UNESCO, 2006). Refugee

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Sarah Dryden-Peterson Doctoral Candidate, Harvard Graduate School of Education

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  1. Education in Displacement:Promoting Access, Building SystemsWeek 1: Background to Education in Displacement Sarah Dryden-Peterson Doctoral Candidate, Harvard Graduate School of Education Research Associate, Refugee Law Project, Uganda

  2. By Definition (UNESCO, 2006) • Refugee • Crossed state border due to a “well-founded fear of being persecuted” (1951 Convention) • Internally Displaced Person (IDP) • Displaced within state borders • Non-migrant • Stayed behind in an area where most have been displaced • Returnee • Refugee or IDP who has returned home (repatriation for refugees) • Asylum-seeker • Seeking status as a refugee in a country of asylum

  3. By Numbers • More than 43 million displaced people globally • 18.7 million refugees (UNHCR, 2006) • 24.5 million IDPs (IDMC, 2006) • 1% of global population suffered displacement in the 1990s (Sinclair, 2002: 23) • The majority of displaced people are children (UNHCR, 2006)

  4. By Region, Refugees (UNHCR, 2006: 6-7) Source Countries • Afghanistan= 2.1 million • Iraq= 1.5 million • Sudan= 686,000 • Somalia= 460,000 • DRC= 400,000 • Burundi=400,000 Countries of Asylum • Pakistan= 1.1 million • Iran= 1 million • USA= 844,000 • Syria= 702,000 • Germany= 605,000 • Tanzania= 485,000

  5. By Region, Refugees (UNRWA, 2006) Palestinian Refugees • Palestinian refugees fall under the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) and are not included in UNHCR numbers • 4.4 million Palestinian refugees (2006) • Living primarily in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip

  6. By Region, IDPs (IDMC, 2007: 4)www.internal-displacement.org

  7. People are dying, why education? • “Education is the hope for the future.”Jacques Bwria, 2002 • Education as priority for displaced people • Human Right • Convention on the Rights of the Child • Legal Right • 1951 Convention, Article 22 • 1967 Protocol • Policy Goal • Millennium Development Goals • Education For All

  8. What role can education play in the chaos of displacement? • A tool of protection (UNESCO, 2007: 4) • Physical • Psychosocial • Cognitive • Promotes self-reliance and social and economic development (Sinclair, 2002: 27) • Prevents conflict or recurrence of conflict (Sinclair, 2002: 123) • Education as the fourth pillar of humanitarian assistance • Focus on living not dying (Martone & Neighbor, 2006: 3)

  9. What does education in displacement involve? • Education activities • Community-initiated • Recreation • Formal school system • Curriculum • Teacher training • Certifications

  10. What is different about education in displacement? • Short time scale • Urgency • Funding constraints • Substantive focus • Healing • Focus on rebuilding • Pedagogy • Wait time • Discipline • Return on investment • Increased access • Opportunity cost • Standards

  11. What principles guide planning and practice of educational programs in displacement?

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