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Family Salmonidae (Trouts and Allies)

Family Salmonidae (Trouts and Allies). Usually recognized as three subfamilies. Salmon and Trout Graylings Whitefish Species of interest: Atlantic Salmon ( Salmo salar ). Salmon and Trout. Have fine scales and a short dorsal fin Dominate cold water (Northeast U.S.) Anadromous.

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Family Salmonidae (Trouts and Allies)

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  1. Family Salmonidae (Trouts and Allies) • Usually recognized as three subfamilies. • Salmon and Trout • Graylings • Whitefish • Species of interest: • Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  2. Salmon and Trout • Have fine scales and a short dorsal fin • Dominate cold water (Northeast U.S.) • Anadromous Atlantic Salmon Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  3. Osmoregulation of Fishes • Osmoconformers - have internal ionic concentrations identical to the surrounding water • Osmoregulators - control the internal ionic concentration of their tissues Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  4. Osmoregulation of fishes Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  5. Life History stages of Anadromous Salmonids • Alevin (yolk-sac larvae) • Fry • Smolt • Adults Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  6. Aquaculture of Salmonids • Some facilities raise individuals from hatch to harvest • Others only raise individuals a short time and release them to enrich natural populations. • What are some problems associated with aquaculture? Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  7. Salmonidae Aquaculture Egg and Milt Harvest Fish Pens Prince William Sound Aquaculture Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  8. Family Synodontidae • Lizardfishes • Local species: • Inshore Lizardfish (Synodus foetens) • Sand Diver (Synodus intermedius) Synodus intermedius Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  9. Synodontidae • Benthic dwellers that usually occur in shallow water • Ambush predators, blends with surroundings Synodus foetens Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  10. Family Batrachoididae • Toadfishes • Local species: • Oyster Toadfish (Opsanus tau) • Atlantic Midshipman (Porichthys plectrodon) Opsanus tau Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  11. Batrachoididae Characteristics • Well camouflaged benthic marine fishes • Common in shallow water habitats • Naked body, barbels around the mouth • Some species have two lateral lines • Dorsal fin has spines Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  12. Batrachoididae Vocalizations • Oyster Toadfish and Midshipman make incredibly loud sounds by vibrating its swimbladder Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  13. Swimbladders • The density of seawater increases the buoyancy of the animals that live in it • Swimbladders constitute only 5% of the body volume in marine spp. • 7% in freshwater spp. Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  14. Physostomous Swimbladders • Has a connection between the swimbladder and the gut (pneumatic duct) • Inflate swimbladder by gulping air at the surface • Usually found in ancestral soft-rayed fishes (Herrings, Salmonids and Cyprinids) Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  15. Physoclistous Swimbladders • Have special structures associated with the circulatory system • A network of capillaries and gas gland allow the inflation and deflation of the swimbladder • Frees fish from their dependency on the surface Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  16. Order Lophiiformes • Goosefish and Frogfishes • Fishes in this order are commonly called Anglerfishes • Family Lophiidae • Goosefishes • Family Antennariidae • Frogfishes Goosefish Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  17. Goosefishes • All have similar methods in attracting prey (Anglerfish) • Illicium • Esca • Illicium and esca are waved to mimic and attract prey Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  18. Common Species • Goosefish (Lophius americanus) • Marketed as Monkfish • Can reach 4ft. 50lbs. Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  19. Family Antennaridae (Frogfishes) • Associate with drifting Sargassum and hard structures on the benthos • Share many similar characteristics with Lophiidae • Have globose bodies that can walk across the bottom on their pectoral and pelvic fins Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  20. Antennaridae Characteristics • Scales resemble projections • Limited to the 20° isotherm Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

  21. Common species • Sargassumfish (Histrio histrio) • Drifts in Sargassum blending with its surroundings Salmonidae thru Antennaridae

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