Session 2010/2011 2 SMC4523 AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING DESIGN Synthesis

1. Session 2010/2011 2 SMC4523 AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING DESIGN Synthesis Generating and developing design solutions Assoc. Prof. Dr. Kamarul Baharin Tawi Dr. Nurulakmar Abu Husain

2. A structured approach to overall design process comprises three phases: Ref: Maher, M. L. (1990) Process Models for Design Synthesis, AI Magazine Vol. 11 No. 4 pp. 49-58

6. SMC 4523 Formulation Synthesis Evaluation

7. Senses of synthesis Sunthesis (Collection) Suntithenai (To put together) SYNTHESIS Synthesis: creative act or process of generating ideas for design proposals : finding possible solutions for subproblems and building up complete designs from these : combining, mixing, compounding of anything – whether ideas or beliefs, substances or parts, activities or processes – into a new whole Commonly considered the hallmark of design SCAMPER Without ideas, there is nothing to analyse or to choose between!! Ref: Chakrabarti, A., Engineering design synthesis: understanding, approaches, and tools.

8. SCAMPER Substitute Combine Adapt Magnify/Modify Put to other purposes Eliminate Rearrange/Reverse

10. Senses of synthesis Sunthesis (Collection) Suntithenai (To put together) SYNTHESIS Synthesis: creative act or process of generating ideas for design proposals : finding possible solutions for subproblems and building up complete designs from these : combining, mixing, compounding of anything – whether ideas or beliefs, substances or parts, activities or processes – into a new whole Commonly considered the hallmark of design SCAMPER Without ideas, there is nothing to analyse or to choose between!! Ref: Chakrabarti, A., Engineering design synthesis: understanding, approaches, and tools.

11. Senses of synthesis Generation of design alternatives and selection of better ones based on incomplete information SYNTHESIS appears repeatedly throughout a design process BRAINSTORMING!!

12. BRAINSTORMING • Free flowing idea generation technique • Write down all ideas as they are presented • No judging or pre-selecting • Encourage everyone to participate • Work list to point of “exhaustion” • Evaluate list on objective / subjective criteria

13. What happen during synthesis? • Form of design solution is identified. Developed and expanded as s/he gains experience A designer considers a design space that contains the knowledge that is used to develop the design solution. • Experienced designers resort to trial and error LESS FREQUENTLY than novice designerswhen they synthesize designs Ref: Maher, M. L. (1990) Process Models for Design Synthesis, AI Magazine Vol. 11 No. 4 pp. 49-58

14. Design solutions generation A design solution /concept is an idea that is sufficiently developed to evaluate the physical principles that govern its behaviour confirming that the proposed solution will operate as anticipated Design solutions /concepts must be refined enough to evaluate the technologies needed to realize them to evaluate the basic form / architecture of them to evaluate their manufacturability Rough sketch Diagram Notes EVALUATION Representations Enough detail must be developed so the functionality of the idea can be ensured

15. If you generate one idea, it will probably be a poor idea  If you generate twenty ideas, you might have one good idea  Designers tend to take 1st idea, refine to final solution GENERATE MULTIPLE CONCEPTS/IDEAS