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Cell Specialization and Cell Communication

Cell Specialization and Cell Communication. Goal 2.02: Investigate and describe the structure and function of cells, including cell specialization and communication among cells within and organism. Levels of Organization. Organ System  Organ  Tissue  Cell. Cell Specialization.

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Cell Specialization and Cell Communication

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  1. Cell Specialization and Cell Communication Goal 2.02: Investigate and describe the structure and function of cells, including cell specialization and communication among cells within and organism.

  2. Levels of Organization • Organ System OrganTissueCell

  3. Cell Specialization

  4. Cell Specialization

  5. Cell Specialization

  6. Cell Specialization • Cells are the building blocks of all organisms • Sometimes a single cell is not just part of the organisms but it is the whole organism. • Unicellular Organisms: an organism made up of one cell • Does everything that you would expect a living thing to do • ex. Protists

  7. Cell Specialization • Multicellular Organisms: an organism that is made up of many cells • Depends on communication and coordination because they have specialized cells • Cell Specialization: cells throughout an organism can develop in different ways to perform different tasks. • Example: brain cells and heart cells

  8. What kind of cells do multicellular organisms have? • Multicellular organisms:

  9. What kind of cells do multicellular organisms have? • Multicellular organisms: • Organisms that are made of more than one cell.

  10. What kind of cells do multicellular organisms have? • Multicellular organisms: • Organisms that are made of more than one cell. • Why does a multicellular organism need specialized cells?

  11. What kind of cells do multicellular organisms have? • Multicellular organisms: • Organisms that are made of more than one cell. • Why does a multicellular organism need specialized cells? (ADD to NOTES!) • In order to be efficient and get the job done!

  12. What kind of cells do multicellular organisms have? • What makes the cells in a multicellular organism different from one another? • All cells in an organism have the sameDNA.

  13. What kind of cells do multicellular organisms have? • What makes the cells in a multicellular organism different from one another? • All cells in an organism have the same DNA. • Instructions in DNA lead to: some cells in a multicellular organism becoming different because different parts of their DNA is turned “on” or “off.” • This results in cells that are specialized to perform specific functions in multicellular organisms

  14. What kind of cells do multicellular organisms have? • Why are some cells shaped a certain way?

  15. What kind of cells do multicellular organisms have? • A cell’s structure is related its function.

  16. What kind of cells do multicellular organisms have? • A cell’s structure is related its function. • In other words, a cell’s shape is specially designed so that the cell can do its job!

  17. Types of Specialized Cells • This type of cell sends and receives messages from the brain. It is specialized for communication.

  18. Types of Specialized Cells • This type of cell sends and receives messages from the brain. It is specialized for communication. Neuron (aka nerve cell) Synapses http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c5cab4hgmoE

  19. Types of Specialized Cells • This type of cell is specialized for carrying oxygen in the blood. It contains a protein called ____ which helps it carry oxygen.

  20. Types of Specialized Cells • Red blood cell: This type of cell is specialized for carrying oxygen in the blood. It contains a protein called hemoglobin which helps it carry oxygen. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4GUYdaM3QIY

  21. Types of Specialized Cells • This type of cell helps protect the outside of our body. These cells divide a lot to make more of them, since we lose these cells all time as ____.

  22. Types of Specialized Cells • Skin cells: This type of cell helps protect the outside of our body. These cells divide a lot to make more of them, since we lose these cells all time as dust.

  23. Types of Specialized Cells • ___________: This type of cell contains a lot of mitochondria because they need to use a lot of energy.

  24. Types of Specialized Cells • Muscle cells: This type of cell contains a lot of mitochondria because they need to use a lot of energy.

  25. Types of Specialized Cells • _________: This type of cell has a “tail” aka _____ that helps it swim.

  26. Types of Specialized Cells • Sperm cell: This type of cell has a “tail” aka flagellum that helps it swim.

  27. Types of Specialized Cells • ______________: This is a type of tissue in plants that helps transport things. There are 2 types.

  28. The cells in a multicellular organism communicate with one another. • Why do a multicellular organism’s cells need to be able to communicate with one another?

  29. The cells in a multicellular organism communicate with one another. • Why do the cells in a multicellular organism need to be able to “talk” with one another? • One main reason – In order to maintain homeostasis.

  30. The cells in a multicellular organism communicate with one another. • Why do the cells in a multicellular organism need to be able to “talk” with one another? • One main reason – In order to maintain homeostasis. • How do cells communicate? • Cells communicate with chemicals.

  31. The cells in a multicellular organism communicate with one another. • Why do the cells in a multicellular organism need to be able to “talk” with one another? • One main reason – Maintain homeostasis. • How do cells communicate? • With chemicals! • Two types: Hormones and Neurotransmitters

  32. The cells in a multicellular organism communicate with one another. • Hormones: • Released into the bloodstream. • Often used to transmit messages to cells that are not close together. • Examples: Adrenaline, insulin.

  33. The cells in a multicellular organism communicate with one another. • Neurotransmitters: • Chemicals that transmit messages between cells that are right next to one another. • Examples: Dopamine, histamine.

  34. The cells in a multicellular organism communicate with one another. • How do hormones and neurotransmitters work? (ADD to NOTES!) • In order for the “message” to be received, the receiving cell needs a receptor that recognizes the hormone or neurotransmitter. DRAW this picture!  

  35. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U6uHotlXvPo

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