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Macrophages Alveolar macrophages in the lung Histiocytes in connective tissues

Macrophages Alveolar macrophages in the lung Histiocytes in connective tissues Kupffer cells in the liver Mesangial cells in the kidney Microglial cells in the brain - Osteoclasts in bone. Functions of Macrophages Phagocytosis Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities

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Macrophages Alveolar macrophages in the lung Histiocytes in connective tissues

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  1. Macrophages • Alveolar macrophagesin the lung • Histiocytesin connective tissues • Kupffer cellsin the liver • Mesangial cellsin the kidney • Microglial cellsin the brain • - Osteoclastsin bone

  2. Functions of Macrophages • Phagocytosis • Antimicrobial and cytotoxic • activities • Antigen processing and • presentation • Secretion of factors

  3. Granulocytic Cells (granulocytes) - Neutrophils - Eosinophils - Basophils

  4. Dendritic Cells • Langerhans cells in the epidermis (skin) and mucous • membranes • Interstitial dendritic cells in organs • Interdigitating dendritic cells in secondary lymphoid • tissue • Circulating dendritic cells in the blood • Veiled cells in the lymph

  5. Development of Dendritic Cells

  6. Organs of the Immune System

  7. Primary (central) lymphoid organs • Provide appropriate microenvironments for the • development and maturation of lymphocytes. • thymus, bone marrow • Secondary (peripheral) lymphoid organs • Trap antigen from tissues or vascular spaces and are • sites where mature lymphocytes can interact • effectively with that antigen. • lymph nodes, spleen, mucosal-associated lymphoid • tissues (MALT), e.g., gut-associated lymphoid tissue • (GALT).

  8. Tertiary lymphoid tissue - Cutaneous-associated lymphoid tissues Lymphatic System(淋巴系統) - Once mature lymphocytes have been generated in the primary lymphoid organs, they circulate in the blood and lymphatic system, a network of vessels that collect fluid that has escaped into the tissues from capillaries of the circulatory system and ultimately return it to the blood.

  9. Lymphatic Vessels

  10. The Human Lymphoid System secondary primary

  11. The thymus stromal cells: maturation

  12. A Lymph Node (1)

  13. A Lymph Node (2)

  14. The Spleen

  15. The Spleen (1) (血管神經出入口)

  16. The Spleen (2)

  17. Mucosal-Associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) Tonsils Appendix Peyer’s patches - contain a large population of Ab-producing plasma cells

  18. Tonsils (上顎) (咽) (舌)

  19. Peyer’s Patch B cells, plasma cell, activated TH cells & mf contain intraepithelial lymphocytes IELs

  20. Structure of M Cells

  21. Production of IgA Ab in the Gut

  22. Cutaneous-associated Lymphoid Tissue

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