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Reason

Reason. Faith. reason 4 faith. “.

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Reason

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  1. Reason Faith

  2. reason4faith

  3. “ 13Who is going to harm you if you are eager to do good? 14But even if you should suffer for what is right, you are blessed. "Do not fear what they fear; do not be frightened." 15But in your hearts set apart Christ as Lord. Always be prepared to give an answer to everyone who asks you to give the reason for the hope that you have. But do this with gentleness and respect,16keeping a clear conscience, so that those who speak maliciously against your good behaviour in Christ may be ashamed of their slander. 1 Peter 3:13-16 ”

  4. “ 6So then, just as you received Christ Jesus as Lord, continue to live in him, 7rooted and built up in him, strengthened in the faith as you were taught, and overflowing with thankfulness. 8See to it that no one takes you captive through hollow and deceptive philosophy, which depends on human tradition and the basic principles of this world rather than on Christ.9For in Christ all the fullness of the Deity lives in bodily form, 10and you have been given fullness in Christ, who is the head over every power and authority. Colossians 1:6-10 ”

  5. “ 3For though we live in the world, we do not wage war as the world does. 4The weapons we fight with are not the weapons of the world. On the contrary, they have divine power to demolish strongholds. 5We demolish arguments and every pretension that sets itself up against the knowledge of God, and we take captive every thought to make it obedient to Christ. 2 Corinthians 10:3-5 ”

  6. 4 faith reason January 17th Knowledge, Tactics, Attitudes February 14th God: the arguments February 28th God: the arguments March 21st Objections to belief April 18th Problem of evil & suffering May 9th Religious pluralism June 14th Miracles / Resurrection [Sunday]

  7. http://www.lennoxevangelicalchurch.org www.davidgalloway.co.uk Atheism/Christianity debate Reasonable Faith www.reasonablefaith.org Stand to Reason www.str.org All About God www.allaboutgod.com Bethinking www.bethinking.org

  8. Why do you believe what you believe? Because it makes sense of the world How do you show that what you believe is true? Evidence and reason

  9. Apologetics apologia • Positive: presents a rational case for Christian truth claims. • Natural theology • Christian evidence • Negative: Deals with objections to those claims. • Objections to God’s existence • Objections to Christianity in particular

  10. Positive Apologetics Natural theology • Arguments for the existence of God • Cosmological [contingency and temporal] • Teleological • Moral • Ontological

  11. Atheist There is no god Agnostic – active It cannot be known whether there is a god Agnostic – passive I do not know whether there is a god

  12. The existence of God Cosmological argument Leibnizian Kalām Moral Argument Practical points Teleological argument Anthropic principle Biological origins Abiogenesis, creation, evolution, ID

  13. The existence of God

  14. The existence of God Can you prove that God exists? Standard of proof [2+2=4] Mathematical proof unattainable. Good argument True premises – more plausible than their negations Intact logic

  15. The existence of God Arguments Cosmological Moral Teleological Ontological

  16. The existence of God Cosmological arguments Kalam (Al-Ghazali 1058-1111) Thomist (Thomas Aquinas 1225-1274) Leibnizian (G W F Leibniz 1646-1716)

  17. The existence of God Moral argument Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) William Sorley (1855-1935) Professor of Moral Philosophy at Cambridge

  18. The existence of God Teleological argument Plato (428-348 BC) and Aristotle (384-322 BC) Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) William Paley (1743-1805) in Natural Theology 1804

  19. The existence of God The Kalām Cosmological Argument • Whatever begins to exist has a cause • The universe began to exist • Therefore …. • The universe has a cause

  20. The Leibnizian Cosmological Argument • Every existing thing has an explanation of its existence. Necessary or Contingent? 3

  21. The Leibnizian Cosmological Argument • Every existing thing has an explanation of its existence. • If the universe has an explanation of its • existence, that explanation is God. Atheists have often asserted that if God does not exist then the universe has no explanation. Logically equivalent to 2 - same truth value.

  22. The Leibnizian Cosmological Argument • Every existing thing has an explanation of its existence. • If the universe has an explanation of its • existence, that explanation is God. • The universe is an existing thing • The universe has an explanation of its existence • [from 1 and 3]

  23. The Leibnizian Cosmological Argument • Every existing thing has an explanation of its existence. • If the universe has an explanation of its • existence, that explanation is God. • The universe is an existing thing • The universe has an explanation of its existence • [from 1 and 3] • It follows (from 2 and 4) that the explanation is God.

  24. The Kalām Cosmological Argument • Whatever begins to exist has a cause • The universe began to exist • Therefore the universe has a cause.

  25. The Kalām Cosmological Argument • Whatever begins to exist has a cause • The universe began to exist • Therefore the universe has a cause. Scientific Philosophical

  26. The universe has a beginning 1 An actually infinite number of things cannot exist. • A beginning less series of past events involves • an actually infinite number of things.

  27. The universe has a beginning • 1 An actually infinite number of things cannot exist. • A beginning less series of past events involves • an actually infinite number of things. • Therefore a beginning less series of past events • cannot exist.

  28. The universe has a beginning David Hilbert 1862-1943

  29. The universe has a beginning • An actually infinite collection of things cannot • be formed by successive addition.

  30. The universe has a beginning • An actually infinite collection of things cannot • be formed by successive addition.

  31. The universe has a beginning • An actually infinite collection of things cannot • be formed by successive addition. • The series of past events is a collection of • things which has been formed by successive • addition.

  32. The universe has a beginning • An actually infinite collection of things cannot • be formed by successive addition. • The series of past events is a collection of • things which has been formed by successive • addition. • The series of past events cannot be actually • infinite.

  33. The universe has a beginning Scientificconfirmation Steady state theory Oscillating models Vacuum fluctuation models Chaotic inflationary model Quantum Gravity models String scenarios

  34. Redshift Edwin Hubble 1889 - 1953

  35. Origin of the universe Steady state theory Sir Fred Hoyle 1915-2001

  36. Origin of the universe Oscillating model Stephen Hawking 1942 -

  37. Origin of the universe Chaotic inflationary model Andrei Linde 1948 -

  38. Origin of the universe String cosmology Paul Steinhardt

  39. The existence of God Arguments Cosmological Moral Teleological Ontological

  40. The existence of God The Moral Argument If God does not exist, objective moral values do not exist • Objective moral values do exist • Therefore …. • God exists

  41. The existence of God The Moral Argument If God does not exist, objective moral values do not exist

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