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Campaign Year of 1777. “The Year of the Hangman”. The Three-Pronged Campaign. General John Burgoyne. Col. Barry St.Leger. Sir William Howe. The Champlain Valley. Gentleman Johnny Burgoyne (B) invades the Champlain Valley
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Campaign Year of 1777 “The Year of the Hangman”
The Three-Pronged Campaign General John Burgoyne Col. Barry St.Leger Sir William Howe
The Champlain Valley • Gentleman Johnny Burgoyne (B) invades the Champlain Valley • His army includes Redcoats, Tory Rangers, Hessians and Native Americans
Philip Skene • Philip Skene (B) convinces Burgoyne to go overland from Lake Champlain to the Hudson Valley
Phillip Schuyler • General Philip Schuyler (A) uses slow down tactics and a scorched earth policy to hurt Burgoyne • Takes more than two weeks to get to Hudson Valley
Battle of Bennington • Burgoyne sends his Hessians to get horses and supplies at Bennington. • Seth Warner (A) and John Stark (A) defeat the Hessians at the Battle of Bennington (A)
Battles of Saratoga • Gen. John Burgoyne vs. Gen Horatio Gates • Battles of Freeman’s Farm (A)
Battles of Saratoga • Battle of Bemis Heights (A) • Daniel Morgan’s Riflemen • Benedict Arnold’s leg
Burgoyne surrenders at Saratoga – “Turning Point of the War”
Col. Barry St.Leger lays siege to Ft. Stanwix • St. Leger’s army includes Redcoats, Tory Rangers and Iroquois
Iroquois Confederacy • Iroquois Confederacy split over who to support during the Revolution • Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga and Mohawk side with the British • Oneida and Tuscarora side with the Americans
Ft. Stanwix • Peter Gansvoort (A) and Marius Willett (A) command Ft. Stanwix
Nicholas Herkimer • Battle of Oriskany (B) – Gen. Nicholas Herkimer (A) ambushed trying to relieve the siege – first battle that the Iroquois were involved in
Hudson Valley • Sir William Howe (B) claims he never got his orders and goes to Philadelphia • Sir Henry Clinton (B) moves a British army up the Hudson
Sir Henry Clinton • Breaks through a chain the Americans have across the river at West Point • Burns Kingston, the rebel capital, when he hears that Burgoyne surrendered
French Enter the War • Benjamin Franklin has been in Paris trying to convince the French to join the war • American victory at Saratoga and the way Washington’s army fought around Philadelphia convinces the French to join • American Revolution becomes a World War