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Anatomy of the Axilla

Anatomy of the Axilla. Dr Rania Gabr. Objectives. Define axilla. Give its boundaries and contents. Axilla(Arm pit). AXILLA.

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Anatomy of the Axilla

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  1. Anatomy of the Axilla Dr Rania Gabr

  2. Objectives • Define axilla. • Give its boundaries and contents.

  3. Axilla(Arm pit)

  4. AXILLA • A pyramid-shaped space between the upper part of the arm and the side of the chest through which major neurovascular structures pass between neck & thorax and upper limbs. • Axilla has an apex, a base and four walls.

  5. Axilla is a space • 4 Sided pyramid • Apexconnected to the neck=Inlet • Base Arm pit= Outlet • Anterior wall • Posterior wall • Medial wall • Lateral wall

  6. Boundaries of the Axilla 1 C • Apex: • Is directed upwards & medially to the root of the neck. • It is called • Cervicoaxillary canal. • It is bounded, by 3 bones: • Clavicle anteriorly. • Upper border of the scapula posteriorly. • Outer border of the first rib medially. L A R I B V I C L E

  7. Base • Axillary fascia and Skin of the arm pit

  8. Anterior wall • Pectoralis major • Pectoralis minor • Subclavius muscles • Clavipectoral fascia

  9. Posterior wall: • Is formed by: • Subscapularis. • Latissimusdorsi. • Teres major muscles.

  10. The medial wall: • It is wide and formed by: • Serratus anterior. • Upper 4-5 ribs & Intercostal muscles .

  11. The lateral wall: • It is narrow and formed by: • Coracobrachialis. • Biceps brachii. • Bicepital groove of the humerus.

  12. Axillary a. & v. Contents of The Axilla • Cords and branches of the brachial plexus • Axillary artery and its branches. • Axillary vein and its tributaries. • Axillary lymph nodes. • Axillary lymphatic vessels • Axillary fat. • Loose connective tissue. Brachial plexus The neurovascular bundle is enclosed in connective tissue sheath, called ‘axillary sheath’

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