Save the World!

1. Save the World! What’s appropriate for global networking?

2. Where do we go from here? • Networking costs money • Market payback has driven network infrastructure • Without networking, what do you do? Can you take part in the global market? • Is networking a right? • Who pays?

3. Pieces of the net • Connections • Wiring, especially fiber, expensive • Wireless initially more expensive, less overall cost • Routers • Expensive ones make network use efficient • Cheap ones, but not very efficient. QoS!

4. Bigger pieces • Network backbone: • ATM infrastructure. REALLY expensive! But uses network more efficiently. • IP Gigabit infrastructure. Cheaper, but doesn’t go very far, doesn’t use network efficiently. Wiring expensive. • Dedicated WAN systems: Frame, T1, and more.

5. What do we want to do? • Applications • E-mail • Browsing a web site • Creating a web site • Video/audio conferencing • Receiving small messages • Sending small messages

6. E-mail • The usual way - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) over Internet links. • Can be slow links. • Older ways - E-mail via shortwave radio modems, dial-up to dial up networking, other radio systems.

7. Browsing a web site • The usual way - HTTP via an Internet link • Can be cached - Local (proxy) server stores pages, and passes them on to users. • Synchronization technologies (Avantgo and more) can deliver pages for later browsing. • Wireless web, voice web? Low bandwidth browsing.

8. Creating a web site • The usual way - editing files online (UNIX) or uploading files to web sites. • More advanced modern ways - XML creation of content. • Can E-mail updated sites, especially if using XML. • Experiments with updating web sites using XML for mountain climbing.

9. Receiving small messages • Usual way - peer to peer chat clients, cell phones, etc. • Can be VERY low bandwidth • Multiple radio systems can carry the information from a big transmitter to a large region.

10. Transmitting small messages • Same method: chat clients, cell phones. • Still low bandwidth • Need power at your end to send a signal a long distance.

11. How to get information around cheap • Low-speed radio networking • high-speed radio networking • Satellite messaging • Satellite network connectivity • By foot!

12. Low-speed radio • Often used in Amateur Radio • Emergency use • TNC - Terminal network controller • CHEAP! $500. • 1200 bps or 9600 bps. Long range. • Messaging, GPS, other data packets.

13. Cheap high-speed radios • IEEE 802.11b standard • 11 Mbps over short range. 1 Mbps short. • Can be extended to large range over flat terrain • cheapish: $500-$1,500. • Real Internet

14. Advanced Radios • Extreme range • High speed (4.5Mbps to 33+ Mbps) • Able to handle yucky topography • More expensive: $3000+ • “Social Intranets”

15. Satellite solutions • Satellite high-speed Internet: Expensive, but fast. Slow possible. • Satellite phone services - dial up network and SMS. • Satellite messaging - cheap two way SMS-like messages.

16. By Foot?! • Can place content, deliver content, via CD-ROM/DVD-ROM, etc. • Can update via messaging systems. • Limited, but possible. • Don’t knock it. The government does it!

17. Hybrid solutions • Direct PC - high speed downlink of data from space. • Uses phone link back • Can use other routes back, like radio networks, maybe even SMS? • Has very high speed “package” delivery. • Small, cheap, easy to use.

18. What’s best? • Up to you! Go build solutions. • Different situations determine needs • Arctic different from here • Arctic different from Africa, Malaysia. • Different topography, needs, culture • “Society Intranets” can help maintain culture. Internet can impact on culture. • Who pays?