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This project is funded by the European Union

Climate Change Mitigation Policies and Measures in Clima East Project Region Mykola Raptsun, Team Leader, Clima East Project. Fourth EU-Central Asia High Level Conference: Platform for Environment and Water Cooperation Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic 13-14 February 2013.

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This project is funded by the European Union

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  1. Climate Change Mitigation Policies and Measures in Clima East Project RegionMykola Raptsun, Team Leader, Clima East Project Fourth EU-Central Asia High Level Conference: Platform for Environment and Water Cooperation Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic 13-14 February 2013 This project is funded by the European Union

  2. CLIMA EAST: SUPPORT TO CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION IN RUSSIA AND ENP EAST COUNTRIES Beneficiary countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, Russian Federation and Ukraine (partner countries – PCs) Project time frame: October 2012 – October 2016 Project budget: maximum EUR 7 million* Funding authority: The European Commission (EC), DEVCO * Part of a larger 'Clima East project' package, which will also consist of pilot projects on ecosystems based approaches to climate change (maximum EUR 11 million)

  3. Carbon intensity of GDP in 2008 for countries in transition in Europe and Central Asia Source: IEA, EBRD (2011)

  4. Climate Extremes Risk Factorfor Countries in Transition in Europe and Central Asia Source: WB (2009)

  5. OVERALL AND SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES The overall objective of Clima East is to support PCs so that they are better equipped for greenhouse-gas emission reductions and better prepared to deal with climate change impacts The specific objectives: • Improve capacities to engage in and to implement the Kyoto Protocol and its potential successor through better access to information and expertise on EU climate policies and the emerging EU climate acquis • Promotion of dialogue with the EU on climate change and support with approximation to the EU climate change and related climate and energy acquis • Strengthening of capacity for strategic planning with regard to mitigation, including NAMA's, GHG-related energy efficiency strategies and low-carbon strategies • Strengthening of capacity for strategic planning with regard to adaptation to climate change, including impact and vulnerability assessment • Support to Annex I countries for the elaboration of domestic and regional emission trading systems • Support to Non-Annex I countries for CDM and other financing mechanisms

  6. CLIMA EASTAPPROACH • Flexibility and demand driven structure • Inception/planning phase (6 month) – to confirm/identify stakeholders needs and priorities for technical assistance • Responsive to beneficiary countries’ requests • Focus on gaps and additionality of activities • Regional focus with attention to national priorities • Pooling experience and sharing ideas and approaches • Transfer of best practice from EU but also within region • Accessibility & visibility • Brussels base, as bridge to EU expertise, with strong presence in the project region • Accent on project visibility and information dissemination (high quality website, events and publications)

  7. PRIORITIES FOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE ARISING FROM RECENT CLIMATE CHANGE NEGOTIATIONS, INCLUDING COP18 IN DOHA • Kyoto Protocol’s Market Mechanisms (CDM/JI/IET) and New Market Mechanisms • Long-term climate finance, including The Green Climate Fund • Adaptation Plans, based on vulnerability assessments • Actions on forests, preventing further deforestation

  8. PREVIOUS EU-FUNDED PROJECTS ON CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE REGION • Technical Assistance to Ukraine and Belarus with Respect to their Global Climate Change Commitments (2004-2006) • - establishment of GHG inventory systems • - development of JI policies and regulations • - consultations on establishment of the National GHG Registry • - preparation of the National Communications to UNFCCC • Support in Kyoto Protocol Implementation (2008-2011) • - awareness raising, training and institutional capacity building • - assistance with formulating climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies • - climate change mitigation policies, measures and funding mechanisms under Kyoto Protocol with focus on energy efficiency

  9. EXAMPLES OF A GOOD PROGRESS WITH CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION POLICIES AND MEASURES IN THE PROJECT REGION • Ukraine • - 267 registered JI projects (over 350 million ERU) • - over 500 projects under Green Investment Scheme • - feed-in (“green”) tariff (2009, 2012) to support renewable energy • - tax incentives for manufacturers of energy efficient equipment (2011) and power generation from renewable energy sources (2012) • Moldova • - Low Emission Strategy (2011) and Policy Options for Climate Change Adaptation • - Laws on Energy Efficiency (2010) and on Renewable Energy (2007) provide support to EE&RE, including investment incentives • - National Agency for Energy Efficiency was created in 2011 • Belarus • - Regulation on financial incentives for energy saving technologies implementation in governmental sector (2010) • - Law on Renewable Energy Sources (2010) creates legal environment and gives preferences for investments in renewables

  10. ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEABLE ENERGY (EE & RE) POLICIES IN THE PROJECT REGION • very uneven distribution by countries • Belarus, Moldova and Ukraine are among more advanced • “carrots” incentives are prevailing • tax incentives and feed-in tariffs are most popular among financial incentives • guaranteed grid access is most common non-financial incentive • market based incentives and standards are among least used incentives • still exist big gap between PCs and OECD countries in terms of development and implementation of EE & RE policies

  11. MAIN REASONS OF FAILURES IN EE&RE POLICY DEVELOPMENT & IMPLEMENTATION • basic documents (laws, programs, etc.) often are very general and declarative • suggested incentives are not sufficient to create attractive investment climate • terms of incentives are not transparent or clear enough • incentives do not work because of luck of necessary financing • governmental decisions are not executed because of absence of control and monitoring • significant administrative and inter-institutional barriers

  12. CONCLUSIONS • PCs still have huge unrealized potential for implementation of EE&RE policies (measures) and switching to low-carbon development pathway • capacity development and creation of national system of EE&RE governance is key for achieving the success • setting specific targets, defining sources and mechanisms for sufficient financing, implementation of monitoring and evaluation procedures are among most important functions of EE&RE governance • governments should pay more attention to such cost effective policies as standards and market-based incentives which are currently neglected in most of PCs • PCs have to continue learning from international experience, both - within project region and outside, including transfer of EU knowledge & experience • learning from failures may be as important as learning from success stories

  13. Contacts • The Clima East project team can be contacted on: • info@climaeast.org • Milieu Ltd, c/o Clima East Office • Rue Blanche n 15 • 1050 Brussels, Belgium • The project website is currently under development, but additional project information is available at: • www.climaeast.eu

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