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Minerals

Minerals . 2-1. Wednesday May 15, 2013. Objective: Identify minerals and their properties. Homework: Mineral lab Due Friday Bell work: Are water and ice minerals? Can minerals be found in rocks? Can minerals exist as gas, liquid, and solid? . Minerals have four characteristics.

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Minerals

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  1. Minerals 2-1

  2. Wednesday May 15, 2013 • Objective: Identify minerals and their properties. • Homework: Mineral lab Due Friday • Bell work: • Are water and ice minerals? • Can minerals be found in rocks? • Can minerals exist as gas, liquid, and solid?

  3. Minerals have four characteristics • A mineral is a substance that: • Forms in nature • Is a solid • Has a definite chemical make up • It consists of specific combinations of elements • Has a crystal structure • Atoms are arranged in an orderly, repeating, 3-D pattern. chlorine sodium

  4. Questions to Ponder • Are water and ice minerals? • Water: • No, it is not a solid • Ice: • Yes, it fits all four categories • Can minerals be found in rocks? • yes • Can minerals exist as gas, liquid, and solid? • No, it has to be a solid

  5. Rock vs. Mineral • Are all rocks minerals? • No • A mineral has to have all four characteristics • A rock only needs two • It forms naturally and it is solid • A rock usually contains two or more types of minerals

  6. Crystal shapes: A repeating 3-D pattern Cubic Tetragonal Hexagonal Orthorhombic Monoclinic Triclinic

  7. Identifying a Mineral Color and streak Luster Cleavage Fracture Density Hardness

  8. Color and Streak • The same mineral can be many different colors, but the streak color is generally the same. • Streak: • The color of a mineral powder left behind when a mineral is scraped across a surface.

  9. Luster Luster describes the way in which light reflects from its surface. metallic or nonmetallic.

  10. Cleavage The tendency to break along flat surfaces.

  11. Fracture The tendency of a mineral to break into irregular pieces.

  12. Density The amount of mass in a given volume.

  13. Hardness The resistance of a mineral to being scratched.

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