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Possibilities & Barriers

Teleworking. Possibilities & Barriers. By : Susi Andriani andriani@fh-brandenburg.de. OVERVIEW. Introduction. Why ?. How many?. Background. Possibilities. Forecast. What ?. Barriers. Example. Who ?. Advantages. Web sites. Where ?. Disadvant. Conclusion. „Quotation“.

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Possibilities & Barriers

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  1. Teleworking Possibilities & Barriers By : Susi Andriani andriani@fh-brandenburg.de

  2. OVERVIEW Introduction Why ? How many? Background Possibilities Forecast What ? Barriers Example Who ? Advantages Web sites Where ? Disadvant. Conclusion

  3. „Quotation“ ‘Sometimes the best transportation policy means not moving people but moving their work. ..... Millions have already found their productivity actually increases when they work nearer the people they’re really working for.... their families at home’ President George Bush - March 1990

  4. Teleworking in Europe : • ‘teletravail’ (French), • ‘Telearbeit’ (German), • ‘telelavoro’ (Italian), • ‘teletrabajo’ (Spanish) • ‘telearbet’ (Swedish). The word „teleworking“ Other word for ‘Teleworking” : “Telecommuting”, “remote working” & “working from home” Searched by search engine Altavista : “Teleworking” : 23,973 Web pages found “Telecommuting” : 52,060 Web pages found

  5. BACKGROUND Jack Niles (1972) The Father of Teleworking/Telecommuting

  6. BACKGROUND From Industrial Revolution Information Revolution

  7. What is teleworking? Defined by Jack Niles : • Teleworking : • ANY form of substitution of information technologies (such as telecommunications and/or computers) for normal work-related travel; • Telecommuting : • that portion of teleworking that applies to the daily commute to and from work-a primary source of traffic congestion, air pollution and loss of productivity in urban areas.

  8. What is teleworking? The Roads & Traffic Authority NSW (RTA) : ....a flexible work opportunity to work for part of the time at a location away from the usual work base. The location may be at home, at a satellite office near home, a mobile office or a combination of these alternatives

  9. Who are the teleworkers & Which firms ? • From senior executive to profesional • From full-time to part time jobs • From working at home almost full time to occasionally spending day at home • From wholly employed through part employed to self-employed The firms usually are : • Consultancy • Computing (software,...) • Journalism & Publishing • Data Entry • Design & Planning • Research • ...and so on

  10. 1. The Teleworker’s home 2. The satellite office 3. The mobile office Where do they work? Locations of teleworking offices 1. The Teleworker’s home 2. The satellite office 3. The mobile office

  11. - Jobs are more ‘portable’ now - Changing lifestyles - Changing travel patterns - Impact on pollution, energy consumption and traffic congestion WHY TELEWORKING ? The reasons for teleworking : - Jobs are more ‘portable’ now - Changing lifestyles - Changing travel patterns - Impact on pollution, energy consumption and traffic congestion

  12. 2. Sharing Information 1. Transmit Data to and from remote worker 3. Keeping in touch Fixed phone, cellular phone, video conference, SMS, paging ... E-‘whiteboard’, E-mail, Mailing List, Net meeting ... Internet, ISDN, Mobile data networks ... Possibilities of teleworking ...... because of Enabling Technology to : 2. Sharing Information 1. Transmit Data to and from remote worker 3. Keeping in touch Source :Teleworking Explained, Gray, Hodson, Gordon, 1993

  13. Barriers of teleworking • Difficulties to manage the employee that you can not see • Not trust a teleworkers • No willingness from the company to establish teleworking • Afraid of social isolation of teleworkers • Requires some careful planning, attention to technology, liability, training and selection of teleworkers and telemanagers • Time spending at home with neighbours, family and friends • Security risks (hackers, virus, bugs etc) ....

  14. Advantages of teleworking • Cost saving (reduced overhead & travel costs) • Reduced commuting time • Flexible working hours • Improve productivity through flexibility • Reduced traffic congestion • Access to work for people with specific difficulties (disabled person) • Reduce total travel and consequent pollution • ...............

  15. Disadvantages of teleworking • Management difficulties • Loss of face to face contact • Need skills of new technology again & again • Flexibility (to be able to work during the weekend) • Tremendous disturbing on the private life • Could course bad effect for healthy (headaches, eyes strain, etc) • ......

  16. How many teleworkers ? Teleworkers in EU countries : • In 1994 : 1.25 million(survey done by European TELDET) • In 1999 : nine million(reported by Teleworking Workshop in Dublin, Nov 1999) • In 2000 : around 10 million (estimated by European TELDET)

  17. Estimates of numbers of teleworkers (1994) Source : http://www.eto.org.uk/etd/MEDIA/bgrounds/bgtw01.htm How many teleworkers ?

  18. How many teleworkers ?

  19. Source : http://www.eto.org.uk/books/nilles/Europe.htm Teleworking forecast (Europe)

  20. Source : http://www.jala.com/ustcforecast.htm Teleworking forecast (US)

  21. Example case of teleworking

  22. Example case of teleworking Mobile teleworking at Hewlett Packard Kevin Sweeney is head of test and measurement at HP's Irish operations. He can work from home when he wants to using a 64 kbit ISDN line installed by the company, or he can use his laptop and GSM phone when he's on the road. The main benefit to Kevin is time saved commuting. "I used to leave at 6.45 to beat the traffic and get some work done before the office warmed up. Now I get up later, see my children before they go to school and generally feel less stressed". He also reports fewer distracting interruptions. Teleworking is part of HP's company philosophy to teach employees to "work smarter, not longer".

  23. ‘TELEWORKING’ WEBSITES • http://www.jala.com (Jack Niles website) • http://www.gilgordon.com (Gil Gordon Associate) • http://www.noelhodson.com • http://www.teleworking.gr • http://www.teleworker.com • http://www.telecommute.org • http://www.rta.nsw.gov.au • http://www.eto.org.uk

  24. CONCLUSIONS • Teleworking is working at distance from your employer, either at home, on the road (mobile) or at a locally satellite based centre • Teleworking possible because of enabling technology • There are some barriers for teleworking • Teleworking offers advantages and disadvantages • Number of teleworkers will be increased in the future

  25. THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION !

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