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Britain’s Strategy . Britain’s Northern Strategy . Believed New England was the source of rebellion and wanted to cut New England off from the rest of the colonies
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Britain’s Northern Strategy • Believed New England was the source of rebellion and wanted to cut New England off from the rest of the colonies • Britain’s strategy (overall plan of action): seize the Hudson River valley by having 3 armies rendezvous (meet) at Albany, New York
Burgoyne’s Slow March • Threw elaborate parties to celebrate victories • Colonists cut down trees, burned crops, drove off cattle, and left no food for Burgoyne’s army as he marched • Burgoyne realizes that it is not just an army they are fighting, but a whole population
Howe’s Journey • On August 4, 1777 Burgoyne learns Howe will try to capture Philadelphia instead of meeting in Albany • Washington tries to protect Philadelphia but is defeated - retreats to Valley Forge
St. Leger’s Journey • St. Leger and Iroquois become allies because Britain promises to protect land • American General Benedict Arnold leads an army and spreads rumor he has a much bigger army • St. Leger and his army retreat in fear of Arnold’s rumor
Saratoga: A Turning Point 5. Battle of Saratoga: Burgoyne’s army retreats and is surrounded by the Continental army and Burgoyne surrenders • Turning Point in the war: • Britain failed to divide colonies • Foreign nations (France and Spain) feel the Americans may just win the war and begin to help