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Ch. 23-3

Ch. 23-3. “Napoleon Forges an Empire”. Napoleon Seizes Power. Early Life- Born in Corsica Attends military school Joins the army Hero of the Hour In 1795, Napoleon defeats royalist rebels attacking the National Convention Napoleon wins stunning victories in Italy, gains popularity

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Ch. 23-3

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  1. Ch. 23-3 “Napoleon Forges an Empire”

  2. Napoleon Seizes Power • Early Life- • Born in Corsica • Attends military school • Joins the army • Hero of the Hour • In 1795, Napoleon defeats royalist rebels attacking the National Convention • Napoleon wins stunning victories in Italy, gains popularity • News of his defeats in Egypt is suppressed

  3. Coup d'état “blow to the state” • November 1799, Napoleon carries out coup d'état-seizure of power • Napoleon defeats British, Russians, Austrians who join forces against him • Europe at peace in 1802 • Allows Napoleon to gain power in France

  4. Napoleon Rules France • A Vote of Approval • New constitution is approved through plebiscite-vote of the people • Restoring Order at Home • To fix economy, he sets up a national banking system, efficient tax collection • Establishes lycees-government run public schools to train officials • Signs concordant-agreement with Pope restoring Catholicism in France • Creates Napoleonic Code-uniform system of laws

  5. Napoleon Established the Banque de France, 1800

  6. Lycee System of Education • Established by Napoleon in 1801 as an educational reform. • Lycées initially enrolled the nation’s most talented students [they had to pay tuition, although there was some financial help available for poorer student]. • Lycées trained the nation’s future bureaucrats.

  7. Concordat of 1801 • Napoleon wanted to heal the divisions within the Catholic Church that had developed after the confiscation of Church property and the Civil Constitution of the Clergy. • But, Napoleon’s clear intent was to use the clergy to prop up his regime.

  8. Concordat of 1801 • Catholicism was declared the religion of the majority of Frenchmen. • Papal acceptance of church lands lost during the Revolution. • Bishops subservient to the regime. • Eventually, Pope Pius VII renounced the Concordat, and Napoleon had him brought to France and placed under house arrest.

  9. Code Napoleon, 1804 • It divides civil law into: • Personal status. • Property. • The acquisition of property. • Its purpose was to reform the French legal code to reflect the principles of the Fr. Revolution. • Create one law code for France.

  10. Napoleon and His Code

  11. The Influence of the Napoleonic Code Wherever it was implemented [in the conquered territories], the Code Napoleon swept away feudal property relations.

  12. In December, 1804 Napoleon crowns himself emperor of France Took the crown from the pope, putting it on his own head Symbolizes he is more powerful than the Church Napoleon Crowned as Emperor “Consecration of the Emperor Napoleon & the Empress Josephine,” 1806 by David

  13. Napoleon’s Throne

  14. Napoleon’s Bed Chamber

  15. Napoleon Creates an Empire Loss of American Territories In 1801 Napoleon attempts to retake colony of Saint Domingue (Haiti) but fails Gives up on the Americas and focuses on Europe

  16. Haitian Independence, 1792-1804 Toussaint L’Ouverture

  17. Sells the Louisiana Territory to the United States for $15 million in 1803 He would gain money to finance European ventures Another way to prevent Britain having power

  18. Louisiana Purchase, 1803 $15,000,000

  19. Conquering Europe • Britain, Russia, Austria, Sweden join forces against Napoleon • Napoleon crushes enemy forces in several brilliant battles • Napoleon forces Russia, Austria, Sweden to sign peace treaties

  20. Napoleonic Europe

  21. The Battle of Trafalgar • In 1805 the British win the Battle of Trafalgar-ensures British naval superiority • This defeat forces Napoleon to give up plan of invading Britain • Looks for another way to control Britain

  22. SeaPower 1805: France   Britain Trafalgar (Lord Nelson: Fr. Navy lost!) Napoleon’s Major Military Campaigns

  23. Napoleon controls Europe except for Britain, Portugal, Sweden, Ottomans French Empire reaches its largest extent from 1807-1812

  24. Has puppet rulers in some countries, alliances with others

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