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South Asia. The Physical Geography. Standard 8.2.1. You should be able to identify the major political features of the region Demonstrate mastery by successfully labeling the following countries on a map:. Pakistan . Capital: Islamabad. India. Capital: New Delhi. Sri Lanka.
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South Asia The Physical Geography
Standard 8.2.1 • You should be able to identify the major political features of the region • Demonstrate mastery by successfully labeling the following countries on a map:
Pakistan Capital: Islamabad
India Capital: New Delhi
Sri Lanka Capital: Colombo
Nepal Capital: Kathmandu
Bhutan Capital: Thimphu
Bangladesh Capital: Dhaka
Check for Understanding • On the handout given to you by the teacher, label the countries in the map to follow under the section titled “Standard 8.2.1 Checking for Understanding”
6. 4. 5 2. 3. 1.
6. Pakistan 4. Nepal 5. Bhutan 2. India 3. Bangladesh 1. Sri Lanka
Standard 8.2.2 • You should be able to IDENTIFY and LOCATE the major physical features of the region • Mountains (Himalaya, Hindu Kush, Vindya Range, Eastern and Westerh Ghats) • Plains/Plateaus (Indo-Gangetic, Chota Nogpur, Deccan, Karnataka) • Islands (Sri Lanka and Maldives) • Rivers (Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra)
Let’s Begin • Use the section titled “The Land” in your handout to take notes
A Separate Land • Subcontinent • Large, distinct landmass • joined to a continent • Natural barriers • 1/2 the size of the United States
Mountains: The Himalaya • Plate tectonics • Subcontinent collided with Asia - 60 million years ago • 1000 miles across northern edge • Mt. Everest - world’s highest peak
As seen from Space Do you remember what a rain shadow is?
Karakoram Mountains • Northernmost part of South Asia • Connect with Himalayas
Hindu Kush • Completes chain in the west • Kept India isolated and protected • Khyber Pass - only way in for many years
Vindhya Range • Central India • Divides India into Northern and Southern regions • Two distinct Indian cultures have emerged
Eastern and Western Ghats • Triangle of rugged hills • Eroded hills
Plains and Plateaus • Deccan Plateau • Once covered in Lava • Rich black soil • Semi-arid • Western Ghats prevent rain from reaching it
Karnataka Plateau • South of the Deccan • Receives more rain • Dense rain forest
Tha Ganges Plain • Indo-Gangetic Plain • Holds 1/10th of human population • Fertile plain • World’s largest alluvial plain • Watered by Ganges, Indus and Brahmaputra
Chota Nogpur Plateau • Northeast India • High tableland • Forest
Sri Lanka • Tear Drop shape • Broke away from subcontinent
Maldives • 116 Sq. miles of land area • Cover 35,000 miles of ocean • Southernmost nation of South Asia
Rivers - 3 Major Systems • Indus River • Mostly in Pakistan • Empties into Arabian Sea • Important transportation route • “Cradle of Ancient India”
The Brahmaputra River • From Himalaya into India and Bangladesh • Joins Ganges at the delta • Empties into Bay of Bengal • Ships can navigate as far as 800 miles • Hydroelectricity - 50% of Bangladesh’s power
The Ganges River • Most important • Summer monsoons cause massive flooding • Hindus consider its waters sacred • Most densely populated plain