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4 º ESO Unit 9 Grammar. IRREGULAR VERBS . LEARN IT BY HEART!!. Regular verbs. Spelling rules . Verbs ending with " consonant-vowel-consonant “
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4º ESO Unit9Grammar IRREGULAR VERBS LEARN IT BY HEART!!
Regular verbs • Spelling rules Verbsendingwith "consonant-vowel-consonant“ When a verb ends with a consonant-vowel-consonant, and we put STRESS on this sound in speech, we double the last consonant. Then we add ed. But if we don't put STRESS on this sound in speech, then we simply add ed
Verbs ending with "e" When a verb ends with the lettere, we add only the letter d. dance => dance + d => danced smile=> smile + d => smiled • Verbs Ending with "y" • When a verb ends with the lettery, and there is a consonant before it, the ychanges into i. Then we add ed. try => tri + ed => tried cry => cri + ed => cried study => studi + ed => studied • When a verb ends with y, and there is a vowelbefore it, we simply add edto the verb.stay=> stay + ed => stayed play => play + ed => plays enjoy=> enjoy + ed => enjoys
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE This tense describes… AN ACTION THAT STARTED IN THE PAST BUT WHICH IS STILL GOING ON OR THAT STOPPED RECENTLY. She has lived in Paris for 3 months AN ACTION THAT STOPPED RECENTLY School has startedtoday A FINISHED ACTION THAT HAS INFLUENCE ON THE PRESENT. I havelost my keys, I can’tfindthem!
I havelivedhereforthreeyears • Youhaveboughta new car recently • He hastravelledto London • I’vecreateda website(yourclassathome.wordpress.com) • I havewatchedthismovie AS YOU CAN SEE, THE STRUCTURE IS VERY SIMPLE. SUBJECT + HAVE/HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE PAST PARTICIPLE= thirdcolumnorverb + ed
AFFIRMATIVE • Ihavewon therace • Peter has livedin Paris • Theyhavewashedthedishes • Mybestfriendhas paintedthispicture Thinkaboutsomething… youhave done thismorning… yourfather has done theseholidays… thepersonnexttoyou has eatenrecently… I -YOU – WE – THEY HAVE P. PARTICIPLE ….. HE – SHE – IT HAS P. PARTICIPLE………..
NEGATIVE • Ihaven’twon therace • Peterhasn’tlivedin Paris • Theyhaven’twashedthedishes • Mybestfriendhasn’tpaintedthispicture Thinkaboutsomething… youhaven’t done thismorning… yourfatherhasn’t done theseholidays… thepersonnexttoyouhasn’twatchedon TV… I -YOU – WE – THEY HAVEn’t P. PARTICIPLE ….. HE – SHE – IT HASn’t P. PARTICIPLE………..
INTERROGATIVE Barnacle . Percebe Spidercrab. Centollo Shellfish. Marisco Lamb. Cordero Prawn. Gamba Pâté - cheese Serranoham … • Haveyouwon therace? • Howlong has Peterlivedin Paris? • HaveTheywashedthedishes? • What has yourbestfriendpainted? ASK YOUR PARTNER… where has she/he goneon Christmas? when has he/shereceived more presents? What has she/he eatenon New years’ eve? HAVE I -YOU – WE – THEY P. PARTICIPLE …..? HAS HE – SHE – IT P. PARTICIPLE………..?
SOME ONLINE ACTIVITIES • Test in presentperfecthttp://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/present-perfect-simple-1 • http://www.better-english.com/grammar/presentperfect3.htm • http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/prperf1.htm • http://fog.ccsf.cc.ca.us/~mbibliow/presentperfect3-1.html • http://fog.ccsf.cc.ca.us/~mbibliow/presentperfectnegative3-2.html
Signal Words of Present Perfect already, ever, just, never, yet, for , since
PAST SIMPLE • Actions at anspecificpoint in thepast • I didn’twatch TV lastnight • consecutiveactions in thepast • I arrived home and i phoned Peter TIME EXPRESSIONS Already Just Yet Never Ever Howlong…? For Since • PRESENT PERFECT • Actions in thepastwitouthtellingthe date • She has travelledto London three times • Actions in thepastwhich are relatedwiththepresent • I havelived in Santander since 2005 • Actions in thepastwhichgoon in thepresent • Something has jsthappened • I havelost my keys, I can’tfindthem TIME EXPRESSIONS Yesterday In 2005 Lastnight Lastweek Lastmonth LastMonday …. A week/twohours/someyears AGO When
PAST SIMPLE PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE • TIME EXPRESSIONS • Yesterday • In 2005 • Lastnight • Lastweek • Lastmonth • LastMonday …. • A week/twohours/someyears AGO • When TIME EXPRESSIONS Already Just Yet Never Ever Howlong…? For Since