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Daily TAKS Connection: Periodic Table

Daily TAKS Connection: Periodic Table. IPC(7): The student knows relationships exist between properties of matter and its components. The student is expected to: (D) relate the chemical behavior of an element. including bonding, to its placement on the periodic table.

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Daily TAKS Connection: Periodic Table

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  1. Daily TAKS Connection:Periodic Table IPC(7): The student knows relationships exist between properties of matter and its components. The student is expected to: (D) relate the chemical behavior of an element. including bonding, to its placement on the periodic table.

  2. Construct a folded book foldable and title “Periodic Table” Materials: Foldable handout (2 pages) Scissors Pen Colored pencils/crayons Periodic Table (needed daily for note-taking activities) Instructions: Hamburger fold the foldable handouts Cut 2 cm slits from the edges of the fold of the handout that has page 2 (as marked) Cut along the fold line of the other sheet of paper beginning and ending about 2 cm from each end (as marked). Burrito fold and insert paper from step 2 into the hole and open, forming a book. Foldable Instructions

  3. Importance of Atomic # Record the following on page 1 of your foldable: • number of protons is the same as the atomic number; used to ID an element Student Task: ID this element

  4. Question An element has 24 protons. What element is it? • Magnesium • Molybdenum • Chromium • Iron

  5. Question A certain atom has a nucleus containing nine protons and ten neutrons and has nine electrons orbiting the nucleus. This atom is a form of the element — a. potassium b. fluorine c. neon d. calcium

  6. Question Alpha particles are one type of radioactivity. These particles have a nucleus of two protons and two neutrons but have no orbital electrons. Based on this information, it can be inferred that alpha particles are positive ions of the element — a. actinium b. curium c. radium d. helium

  7. “All in the Family” Record the following notes on page 2 of your foldable • “groups” or “families” are the columns on the Periodic Table • elements in the same group have similar physical and chemical properties

  8. Question Which of the following groups contains members with similar chemical reactivity? a. Li, Na, K b. Be, Mg, Na c. K, Ca, Sc d. P, S, Cl

  9. Question The bonding characteristics of nitrogen are most similar to the bonding characteristics of — a. hydrogen b. silicon c. helium d. phosphorus

  10. Noble Gases Record the following notes on page 3 of your foldable • Group 18 are called “noble gases” • 8 valence electrons (stable octet) • noble gases are resistant to forming compounds • Student Task: Color and label the noble gases on the drawing on page 3 of your foldable.

  11. Question The elements of which of these groups on the periodic table are least likely to form compounds? a. Group 1 b. Group 9 c. Group 14 d. Group 18

  12. Question Elements found in which shaded area of this periodic table undergo the fewest chemical reactions? a. Q b. R c. S d. T

  13. “Bond.” “Ionic Bond.” • Record the following notes on page 4 of your foldable • Ionic Bonds: • when metals form bonds with nonmetals • Halogens, group 17 elements, form ionic compounds (salts) called halides

  14. Where It’s At? • Student Task • On the top drawing on page 5 of your foldable, shade the metals one color and the nonmetals a different color. • On bottom drawing on page 5 of your foldable, shade the halogen group.

  15. Question Elements in Group 2 of the periodic table usually — a. form large molecules b. lose electrons when bonding c. act like nonmetals d. liquefy at room temperature

  16. Question Sodium fluoride is a type of halide used in toothpaste to help strengthen teeth. Elements from which group in the periodic table are necessary to form halide compounds? a. Group 4 b. Group 5 c. Group 10 d. Group 17

  17. Question The elements from which of the following groups are most likely to react with potassium (K)? a. Group 2 b. Group 7 c. Group 13 d. Group 17

  18. Oxidation Numbers Record the following notes on page 6 of your foldable How to determine oxidation numbers • Find the group number (roman numeral) for the element (located at the top of the group). • Determine if the element is a metal or a nonmetal. • If it is a metal, the roman numeral value from the group number is the positive value of the oxidation number. Example: Hydrogen is in group IA; therefore the oxidation number is +1 and the cation is written H1+. OR • If it is a nonmetal, subtract the roman numeral value from eight. Assign a negative sign to the oxidation number. Example: F is in group VIIA; 8 – 7 = 1; therefore the oxidation number is -1 and the anion is written F1-.

  19. Question What is the oxidation number of Mg? • 1+ • 1- • 2+ • 2-

  20. Question According to the periodic table, which of these elements will form an ion with a –3 charge? a. N b. La c. Li d. Rb

  21. Question Which shaded area of the periodic table shown shows the location of elements that require the least energy to lose two electrons? • Q • R • S • T

  22. Criss-Cross Shortcut Record the following notes on the top of page 7 of your foldable • Criss-Cross Method for writing ionic compound formulas • Rule:Value ofoxidation # of cation becomes the subscript of the anion • Rule:Value ofoxidation # of anion becomes the subscript of the cation

  23. Question According to this information, what is the chemical formula for sodium oxide? • NaO • NaO2 • Na2O • Na2O2

  24. Question According to this information, what is the chemical formula for magnesium fluoride? • MgF • MgF2 • Mg2F • Mg2F2

  25. Question According to this information, what is the chemical formula for potassium sulfate? • K2SO4 • K4(SO4)2 • K2(SO4)2 • KSO4

  26. Question The ionic compounds that result from combining Group 1 and Group 17 elements have a 1:1 ratio because a. Group 1 elements are electrically neutral b. Group 1 elements have one valence electron c. Group 1 elements contain neutrons in the nucleus d. Group 1 contains more elements than other groups

  27. We Like to Share! Record the following notes on the bottom of page 7 of your foldable • Covalent Bonds • Non-metals form bonds with non-metals • Elements share electrons • Examples: CO2, CH4 • Carbon, Oxygen, and Hydrogen are all nonmetals

  28. Question Nitrogen forms covalent bonds with which of the following elements? • Sodium • Iron • Carbon • Neon

  29. Question The model above shows how an unidentified element, X, forms covalent bonds with oxygen. In which group on the periodic table does Element X most likely belong? • Group 2 • Group 7 • Group 15 • Group 18

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