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Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt. Ancient Egypt. Like Mesopotamia, Egypt grew out of a river valley - the Nile . The Nile is the longest river in the world. It passes through the mountains of East Africa to the Mediterranean Sea.

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Ancient Egypt

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  1. Ancient Egypt

  2. Ancient Egypt • Like Mesopotamia, Egypt grew out of a river valley - the Nile. • The Nile is the longestriver in the world. • It passes through the mountains of East Africa to the Mediterranean Sea. • At the Mediterranean Sea it forms a great delta, a triangle shaped piece of richly fertile land.

  3. Pharaohs and Gods • Two kingdoms - Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt - were united in 3100 B.C. under a great ruler called a pharaoh. • Egyptians respected the pharaoh as king and worshipped the pharaoh as a god. • Egyptians were polytheistic,meaning they had manygods. • Most ancientreligions had many gods.

  4. Pharaohs and Gods • The Egyptians believed in a form of life after death. • Egyptians embalmed a body immediately after death to prepare it for the nextlife. • Embalming preserved a body.

  5. Pharaohs and Gods • Egyptians believed that a person’s soul could not exist without a body. • The embalmed body, wrapped in long strips of linen, was called a mummy. • Rich people’s mummies were placed in very elaboratetombs, often along with wonderfultreasures. • The biggest tombs belonged to the pharaohs and were called pyramids.

  6. Egyptian Writing • The ancient Egyptian system of writing is called hieroglyphics. • Hieroglyphicsuses small pictures instead of letters. • These pictures were cut into stone or painted on walls and papyrus - a form of paper made from the papyrus plant.

  7. Egyptian Writing • Pharaohs used scribes to keep a record of important government business. • The scribes used hieroglyphics to make these records. • For centuries historians could not read the hieroglyphics. • In the early 1800s, the Rosetta Stone was discovered and helped historians unlock the mystery.

  8. Egyptian Writing • The Rosetta Stone had the same message written in threelanguages. • Historians used the two languages they could read to help them decipher the hieroglyphics.

  9. Trade and Conquest • Egypt expanded its territory as far as Mesopotamia in the north and present-day Sudan in the south. • Egypt had many traderoutes. • These trade routes extended to present-day Sudan and Uganda and across the Mediterranean to Greece.

  10. Trade and Conquest • As they traded goods, Egyptians shared their ideas and culture with other cultures. • Eventually the Egyptian empire was conquered by strongerempires.

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