the INTERNET

1. the INTERNET

2. Definition of the INTERNET The internet is a NETWORK of NETWORKS Millions of computer systems connected together Businesses have adapted to make use of this technology

3. The internet has changed how businesses work. Many businesses have adapted to include on line services and facilities while other businesses work entirely on line.

4. File Transfer Protocol [FTP] Most of us have sent files or data across the internet, for example sending e mails with files or pictures as attachments. The problems with this method is that it can be very slow and you would be limited on the size of the file sent. Any large file would be rejected. Businesses use a method called FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL [FTP]. This system can be used to transfer any type of data, computer programmes, graphic files, music or media files, text files etc.

5. File Transfer Protocol [FTP] The process involves a system where the data to be sent is arranged in a package, the package is sent, and when received is scanned automatically to ensure that no errors have been created during transmission. If the data has been received correctly a message is sent back to the sender to say that the file has been received. If you have downloaded any music file from the internet onto your own computer you have used FTP.

6. FTP is used by all businesses to transfer large amounts of data with each other or with their customers. ADVANTAGES Not limited with file size – e mail attachments are limited to the size of file you can attach.

7. e -COMMERCE

8. Many people use the internet to buy products on line. Many products can be bought on line such as groceries, electrical goods, household goods, media downloads etc. Before an e commerce system can be used, the following requirements are needed to set the system up:-

9. 2. Electronic catalogue or database of all products stocked. This would include details about the products, prices and number left in stock 1. Website. This would display the products the company want to sell. Must be easily navigated with good search facilities. 3. Specialist staff. Staff would have to be trained to maintain the website, update prices and stock REQUIREMENTS 4. Database of customer orders, keeps details of what every one has bought. Help with marketing and targeting customers 5. Shopping Trolley and methods of Secure payment. Customers concerned about card fraud so systems such as PayPal can be used.

10. What does a Company Need?. 1. Website. This would display the products the company want to sell. Must be easily navigated with good search facilities.

11. 2. Electronic Catalogue / Database of stock - Details of items, number left in stock, prices etc

12. 3. Specialist staff. Staff would have to be trained to maintain the website, update prices and stock

13. 4. Database of customer orders-keeps details of what every one has bought. Help with marketing and targeting customers.

14. 5. Shopping Basket. – Will include details of products ordered, with prices and current Total spent. Items can be added or removed from the Shopping Basket Secure electronic payment - Paypal to pay by credit/debit card. Secure method of paying for your purchases.

15. Cheaper goods - savings made by companies are passed on to customers. Disabled can do their own shopping without leaving the house Can order goods 24/7 ADVANTAGE OF E COMMERCE TO CUSTOMER Can compare prices from other retailers much easier Good for environment- no need to travel to pick up goods. Many products have independent reviews to help customer make decisions about buying

16. People are worried about fraudulent sites Can’t pay with cash or cheque you must have a credit/debit card Can’t try out the products - clothes for fitting Can’t pick or hold items, fresh food or clothes DISADVANTAGE OF E COMMERCE TO CUSTOMER Trouble in returning goods Customers worried about Card security on line Less social enjoyment of shopping Hidden costs of postage.

17. Expensive to set up initially More competition from abroad for cheaper products Delivery can make products more expensive DISADVANTAGE OF E COMMERCE TO BUSINESS Rely on other companies for delivery, customers can blame company for an issue that is not their fault Only access customers who have internet connection

18. Open for business 24/7 Electronic catalogues can be updated much quicker - no need to print new versions Fewer staff needed to run business ADVANTAGE OF E COMMERCE TO BUSINESS Easy to change price daily Possible to reach customers around the world [Global Market]

19. Connecting to the INTERNET

20. Connection can be made to the Internet by CABLE or WIRELESS. The method you use will affect the speed of your internet usage and the time it will take to download web pages and information.

21. Cable Access to the Internet • By using cable, two connection methods are possible::- • Dial Up • Broadband

22. Dial Up Connection Connection using the telephone line. Downloads are very slow thus not very good for downloading media files or music. You cannot use the internet and phone at the same time MODEM - Modulator - Demodulator changes the computers digital signal to analogue signals used by telephone lines.

23. Broadband Connection Gives much faster downloading times, you can watch TV programmes and play games in real Time. Able to download large media files and use the Telephone at the same time BROADBAND - uses a digital telephone cable, so there is no need to alter the signal [ISDN line]

24. Play games on line in real time due to the speed of data transfer Fast Downloads, ideal for large music or media files You can still use your telephone while surfing ADVANTAGE OF BROADBAND Continual connection, no time wasted to connect or dial. Can make cheap phone calls using broadband connection Can use webcams for video conferencing due to real time connection

25. Broadband varies from one part of the country to the other. Some areas are faster than others Expensive monthly subscriptions for service DISADVANTAGE OF BROADBAND Possible to reach customers around the world [ Global Market]

26. Wireless Connection. Some people travel and are always on the move as part of their work. They would need access to their emails and internet Computers can be linked to each other or the server via wireless connection. • Hardware that use wireless technology. • Laptop and Netbook Computers • PDA – Palm display units • Mobile Phones

27. Mobile access to the Internet This can be provided using infra red, or Bluetooth connections to 3G mobile phone / WAP phones and other hand held devices can receive Internet services. e.g. email. News bulletins. Weather etc. Wireless radio connection Radio frequencies are used to transmit the data from a local network station / router to a receiver in a PC.

28. Access e mails and the internet from anywhere Can do more work, more productive ADVANTAGE OF MOBILE ACCESS Can make changes to plans on the go, meeting times or appointments. Can work from anywhere – the office , home, outside on the move.

29. Security Problems with data being transferred over the internet Very expensive to purchase and contracts are not very cheap DISADVANTAGE OF MOBILE ACCESS Some blackspots - with no access to internet Theft - more of a target for mugging

30. Searching the INTERNET

31. Information can be found on the internet by using the following procedures:- • Typing in the URL [Uniform Resource Locator] eg http://www.google.co.uk • Surf Internet by following Hyperlinks. • 3. Use Search Engines • 4. Web crawler [Web Browser]

32. 1. Typing in the URL [Uniform Resource Locator] http://www.google.co.uk. This means typing in the exact web address of the company or business you require. One problem with this method is that you have to know the correct web address for the company.

33. 2. Search using Hyperlinks Search engine within the site Navigate within websites using - hyperlinks - hotspots - Search engine within the site Hyperlink buttons Navigation bars HOTSPOT

34. 2. Search using Hyperlinks Can navigate from one site to another by using hyperlinks ebay amazon M&S B&Q Google

35. 3. SEARCH ENGINES There are many different types of Search Engines such as:- Google Yahoo Altavista Lycos Type in KEY Words Will list most relevant sites to match the search condition. Most Popular Site

36. BOOLEAN Searches Helps you narrow down the search Include ANDORNOT in the search Wales Mountain Must include WALES AND MOUNTAIN Both words Wales AND Mountain Wales OR Mountain - Every Document that contains Wales OR Mountains. Wales NOT Rugby Find sites about Wales but not RUGBY. EXACT Match “Wales highest mountain” finds exactly this quote.

37. WEB CRAWLER. A web crawler can also be known as a Web Spider. This is a programme that looks up all webpage's and sets them out in a systematic manner so that search engines can find the information quicker.

38. On Line Databases This involves a single on-line database that can be accessed by customers or staff within the company. The database will be updated constantly as purchases are made or if any updates are required. Every user will be using the same database. Data from the database can be transferred automatically to other companies for re stocking or payment without any paper involved. A company like Argos can access a central database from Holyhead to find if a product is in stock in Bangor or Llandudno.

39. Distributed Computing using INTERNET

40. Distributed Computing using the Internet This method is mainly used when a lot of computing processing power is required to collect, process and analyse data. This usually would require a very powerful and expensive super computer to do the work. In a number of cases the problem can be resolved by using distributed computing across the internet - this means sharing the power of individual computers all over the world to do certain tasks, therefore distributing or sharing the workload between different computers.

41. ADVANTAGES. Quicker processing because each computer has only its own task to process, one little part of a bigger picture. Lower costs in processing data and information compared to buying a Super computer. Work load can be passed on to other computers all around the world by using the internet. DISADVANTAGES With so much data being transferred from computer to computer over the internet, security is a major issue.

42. EXAMPLES of USING DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING SETI - Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence This is a project to search for intelligent alien life forms in outer space. Radio telescopes are used to collect data, this data is shared around hundreds of thousands of home computers on the internet processing the data

43. EXAMPLES of USING DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING Popular Power Project This is the research in developing a vaccine for the influenza virus [flu] Thousands of home users are part of this project completing tasks and logging data on symptoms and issues concerned with the virus. This is a collection of information and data collected from thousands of computers so that doctors and scientists can analyse the information.

44. Moral, Ethical & Social issues when using the INTERNET

45. MORAL SOCIAL & ETHICAL ISSUES when using the Internet The use of the Internet has raised questions on how some people use the technology.

46. Setting up websites with incorrect information to mislead people Bullying – using Chat rooms, Social websites, e mails. MORAL ISSUES Inappropriate material - able to view websites linked to racism, violence or pornography. Spreading rumours using social network sites. Can cause distress to people

47. Adjusting or creating digital images of people using Photo Editing Software. Can we believe what we see in magazines etc? Plagiarism – copying someone else's work and claiming it as your own. Monitoring peoples use of the internet. Some companies will check the content of the workers e mails. ETHICAL ISSUES Sending Spam – and wasting the time of millions of workers daily having to open and delete these e mails. Spreading rumours using social network sites. Can cause distress to people Ethical Issues are not necessarily illegal and break the law.

48. Obesity - Lot of people don’t need to move from the house because of the internet. Lack of fitness. Gambling - addictive on line, easily accessible without having to move out of the house Privacy issues – Data being collected when people use the internet, websites visited, shopping patterns etc On line shopping - local shops close due to lack of business and not being able to compete SOCIAL ISSUES Social Skills - people only interact with a machine therefore losing essential social skills Companies can move call centres abroad for cheaper labour. People here made redundant Social Issues can effect how people behave because of the internet

49. Ownership and Control of the INTERNET Because the internet is world wide no one owns the internet. There is no control on what is posted or created for the internet. Some governments have tried to control what we can see. Countries have different laws to other countries so this is difficult to control. The lack of policing of the internet means that information posted has not been checked to see if it is accurate or not. That is why information off the internet should be collected from a trustworthy source or checked before use.

50. Ownership and Control of the INTERNET Pornographic images and videos are easily accessible. Some of these are illegal in some countries while in other countries they are perfectly legal. People are worried that young children could have access by accident to such material. Special software can be purchased to filter out unwanted or offensive material, but cannot be guaranteed to filter out all offensive material.