The Executive Branch

1. The Executive Branch

2. Today’s Essential Question:

3. Why do you think the presidency is called a Glorious Burden??

4. Who assists the President? • When George Washington was President, people recognized that one person could not carry out the duties of the President without advice and assistance.

5. The President receives help from the: • Vice President • Cabinet Members • Heads of Independent and Executive Agencies. • Unlike the powers of the President, their responsibilities are not defined in the Constitution.

6. The Executive Branch

7. The Presidency. A Glorious Burden. November 2011. Election Night. November 2007. Election Night.

8. Not Just President Obama…

9. I need to have all these Qualifications!!!!

13. The Vice President You have a distinct old man smell, get away from me…… As soon as these cameras are gone so am I….

15. Presidential Succession • Eight U.S. presidents have died while in office. One president resigned. In each case, the vice president took the oath of office and became president as provided by the Constitution.

16. William H. Harrison, Natural Causes John Tyler, Vice President

17. Zachary Taylor, Natural Causes Millard Fillmore, Vice President

18. Abraham Lincoln, Assassinated Andrew Johnson, Vice President

19. James A. Garfield, Assassinated Chester Author, Vice President

20. William McKinley, Assassinated Theodore Roosevelt, Vice President

21. Warren Harding, Natural Causes Calvin Coolidge, Vice President

22. Franklin D. Roosevelt, Natural Causes Harry Truman, Vice President

23. John F. Kennedy, Assassinated Lyndon Johnson, Vice President

24. Richard M. Nixon, Resigned Gerald R. Ford Vice President

25. Twenty-fifth Amendment • adopted in 1967 • new president nominates a new vice president • Nomination must then be approved by a majority vote of both houses of Congress.

26. The Order of Presidential Succession • The Vice President • The Speaker of the House • The President pro tempore of the Senate • Members of the president’s cabinet in the order in which their departments were created

27. Departments in Succession Order • Secretary of State • Secretary of the Treasury • Secretary of Defense • Attorney General • Secretary of the Interior • Secretary of Agriculture • Secretary of Commerce • Secretary of Labor • Secretary of Health and Human Services • Secretary of Housing and Urban Development • Secretary of Transportation • Secretary of Energy • Secretary of Education • Secretary of Veterans Affairs • Secretary of Homeland Security

28. 7 Major Roles of the President 1.) Chief Executive 2.) Chief Diplomat 3.) Commander in Chief 4.) Political Party Leader 5.) Legislative Leader 6.) Judicial Leader 7.) Chief of State

29. Powers and Duties of the President 1.) Chief Executive • Carries out the nation’s laws • Issues Executive Orders (rule or command the President issues that has the force of law; usually during time of crisis) • Appoints cabinet members, ambassadors, judges, heads of govt. agencies

30. Powers and Duties of the President 2.) Chief Diplomat • Responsible for making treaties with other countries with Senate approval • Meets with foreign leaders • Can make Executive Agreements with leaders of other countries • Has the force of law but does not require Senate approval • Responsible for appointing ambassadors with Senate approval • An official representative of a country’s government

31. Powers and Duties of the President 3.) Commander in Chief • President is final authority over all military matters • Founding Fathers believed in civilian control over the military; person elected by the people has final say over all military matters • President can use military in times of war. • 1973: War Powers Act passed by Congress • President must notify Congress when troops sent anywhere • Troops must be brought home after 60 days unless Congress declares war, or gives approval for troops to stay. Controversial Law which has never been challenged in the Supreme Court; Checks and Balances issue?

32. When was the last time the United States passed a Formal Declaration of War? December 8, 1941. Japan Germany December 11, 1941. Italy

33. Powers and Duties of the President 4.) Political Party Leader • Supports party members in election campaigns and helps unify the party • Appoints members of party to key govt. jobs

34. Powers and Duties of the President 5.) Legislative Leader • Proposes legislation and uses many tactics to get the bill passed • Prepares the federal budget • Approves or vetoes legislation

35. Powers and Duties of the President 6.) Judicial Leader • Appoints judges to Federal Courts and the U.S. Supreme Court • Appoints Justices whose point of view is similar to their own

36. Powers and Duties of the President 7.) Chief of State Role is symbolic – President represents all Americans - Gives a human face to American govt. - Can be demonstrated in many ways Greeting heroes

37. Powers and Duties of the President 7.) Chief of State (Continued) - Throwing first pitches at baseball games - Inviting musicians to perform at White House

38. Powers and Duties of the President Attending funeral of another country’s leader. 7.) Chief of State (Continued) Speeches and Ceremonies

39. Checks and Balances

40. Executive Branch checks on the Legislative Branch • Vetoes laws • Calls Congress into special session

41. Executive Branchchecks on the Judicial Branch • Appoints federal judges

42. Legislative Branch Checks Powers OVER the President Senate approves treaties and presidential appointments The House of Representatives appropriates money; “power of the purse” Congress can override veto Congress can impeach and convict the President and Vice President

43. Judicial Branch Checks Powers over the President The Supreme Court can rule Executive Acts unconstitutional Hey What Do You Expect..we only have one document to use here! Just follow it! Geez

45. How the president influences policymaking(Laws/legislation)

49. Executive Departments

50. Executive Departments • Congress has the power to establish, reorganize and to eliminate executive departments