Addressing Criminal Behavior-- Types of Punishment

1. Addressing Criminal Behavior-- Types of Punishment

2. Addressing Crime • Three Goals: • 1. Retribution- punishing a criminal • 2. Rehabilitation- transform criminals into law abiding citizens • 3. Deterrence- prevent future crimes using punishments

3. Repeat Criminals • Recidivism- repeat offenders; rate criminal behavior is repeated by the same people

4. Recidivism in NC

5. Channel Setting Instructions for ResponseCard RF1. Press and release the "GO" or "CH" button.2. While the light is flashing red and green, enter the 2 digit channel code (i.e. channel 1 = 01, channel 21 = 21). Channel is 413. After the second digit is entered, Press and release the "GO" or "CH" button. The light should flash green to confirm.4. Press and release the "1/A" button. The light should flash amber to confirm.

6. Retribution for Less Serious Crimes • monetary compensation- $$$... in the form of a fine, restitution or compensation • Restitution- criminal has to restore victim’s property • Ex.: Stolen credit card…convicted felon must pay back the card owner • Compensation- criminal substitutes something for damage done • Ex.: Destroyed convenience store…man pays for all damages as well as $10,000 to make up for money store owner lost from being closed

7. Less Serious Crimes • Probation- replaces time in prison with a set of conditions the criminal must follow • If they fail to meet conditions jail • Community Service- perform set number of hours working for a charity, cleaning public areas, serving at a shelter or volunteering

8. Retribution for Serious Crimes • detention- restriction of a person’s liberty to leave a specific location • Ex. detained for questioning • House arrest- strict probation; criminal confined to their home • incarceration- to be put in prison/jail, unable to leave • Long-term incarceration- year or more, usually served in state run prisons • Less than a year served in county run jails

9. Retribution for Serious Crimes • Parole- criminal released early from prison; certain rules still apply until end of sentence • Prisons are overcrowded, without parole there would be no place for all prisoners…some states use: • 3-strike laws: 3 felony convictions (serious offenses)= life in prison • confiscation of property- taking something from the criminal to pay for criminal behavior state takes a person’s home, money, possessions • Ex.: tax evaders may have property confiscated and sold to pay their debt

10. You are on the parole board in NC. Because of a rise in crime and the number of people convicted, NC’s prisons are overcrowded. You must make selections to determine who will and will not be paroled. • An arsonist convicted of setting four fires to public buildings is now cured after serving 8 months of his three-year sentence. • A banker convicted of embezzling 50 million dollars from a bank. • Civil rights lawyer convicted for contempt of court. • An ex-college student and heroin addict serving time for pushing hard drugs to juveniles. • A Vietnam serviceman convicted of desertion in the face of the enemy. • A powerful former politician convicted of selling highly classified information to foreign governments. • A newspaper reporter convicted of refusing to identify his news sources in a delicate case involving three members of the President’s Cabinet. • A rehabilitated sex offender convicted for crimes against children.

11. U.S. Prison Stats Bureau of Justice Statistics. 2010. Office of Justice Programs. 21 January 2010. <http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/index.cfm>

12. Prison spending: 660% Education spending: 33%

13. Most Serious form of Retribution • DeathPenalty- execution for capital offense • 35 States use the death penalty • North Carolina Statistics • 169 people on Death Row (4 females) • over 1,000 executions since 1910 • 1st Degree murder on capital offense • Lethal injection only approved method • Determined by jury • Only governor may grant clemency

14. Killing people who commit murder keeps other people from doing the same. • Agree • Undecided • Disagree

15. The victim’s family is entitled to revenge. • Agree • Undecided • Disagree

16. Anyone who places value on human life cannot approve of capital punishment. • Agree • Undecided • Disagree

17. People are basically good and even the worst criminal can be rehabilitated. • Agree • Undecided • Disagree

18. “Thou shall not kill” means that even criminals should not be executed. • Agree • Undecided • Disagree

19. Mental Illness in Criminal Court • anti-social behavior is the product of mental illnesses • for worst crimes, most states allow defendants to plead “not guilty by reason of insanity” • mental institutions- “prisons” for mentally handicapped

20. N.C. Prison Statistics • Population (Jan 21, 2010): • Prison Inmates- 40, 226 (male- 37,382 and female- 2,844) • Probationers- 111, 560 • Parolees- 3,099 • Total 154,885 • 8th-10th grade dropouts= largest percentage of offenders under age 20 North Carolina Department of Correction. 1995-2010. NCDOC. 21 January 2010 < http://www.doc.state.nc.us/index.shtml>

21. Cost of Prison Incarceration • daily cost per inmate/ yearly cost per inmate • Minimum Custody-$59.17/ $21,597 • Medium Custody-$76.69/ $27,992 • Close Custody-$85.68/ $31,273 • Average-$73.85/ $26,955 North Carolina Department of Correction. 1995-2010. NCDOC. 21 January 2010 < http://www.doc.state.nc.us/index.shtml>

22. Juvenile Offenses • juvenile detention- prison for youth; less harsh; focuses on education • boot camps- alternative punishment; military-style camps to rehabilitate juvenile offenders by instilling discipline and respect • Long-term suspensions-not allowing students to return to school for extended periods